Preview

Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics

Advanced search

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of multiple sclerosis in students in the Republic of Bashkortostan

https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2021-1S-15-20

Abstract

An expansion of the age range of multiple sclerosis (MS) manifestation has been reported recently. Considering the multifactorial etiology, high heterogeneity of the clinical symptoms, and the difficulties of early MS diagnosis in young people, the onset and course of this disease in students can be considered as one of the significant medical and social problems.

Objective: to analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of MS in university and secondary specialized educational institutions students in the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB).

Patients and methods. This case-control study included 32 patients aged 15 to 24 years studying in universities and secondary schools of the RB. The clinical and epidemiological indicators analysis was carried out based on data from the register of MS patients in the RB. 32 sex-, age-, place of birth and residence-matching patients with MS, who were not students, were included in the control group.

Results and discussion. The median age of disease manifestation in students was 18 [16.5; 20] years, in the control group – 16 [14; 19] years (p=0.010). We found a lower «disease onset – diagnosis» in the students group of revealed a lower interval «disease onset – diagnosis» (0.5 [0; 1] years, p=0.006), and a shorter duration of MS compared to the control group ((2.8 [2; 4] years and 4 [2; 7] years, respectively, p=0.020). Students with MS predominantly had movement disorders: central paresis and cerebellar ataxia. Students also had a faster MS progression (0.4 [0.2; 0.6] EDSS scores per year, p=0.001), despite of the disease-modifying therapies.

Conclusion. MS manifestation and course in students receiving disease-modifying therapies indicate the need for close follow-up, adherence control, and psychological support in the educational process.

About the Authors

A. V. Tukhvatullin
Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation

Artur Vadimovich Tukhvatullin

Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics – autonomous structural subdivision

71, Oktyabrya prosp., Ufa 450054



U. Sh. Kuzmina
Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation

Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics – autonomous structural subdivision

71, Oktyabrya prosp., Ufa 450054



N. F. Utyagulova
Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation

3, Lenina St., Ufa 450008



R. F. Talisov
Ufa Outpatient Clinic № 1
Russian Federation

4, Tsyurupy St., Ufa 450057



V. A. Vakhitov
Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation

Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics – autonomous structural subdivision

71, Oktyabrya prosp., Ufa 450054



K. Z. Bakhtiyarova
Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation

3, Lenina St., Ufa 450008



References

1. Boyko AN, Gusev EI. Current algorithms of diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis based on the individual assessment of the patient. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova. 2017;117(2-2):92-106. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20171172292-106 (In Russ.).

2. Kaisey M, Solomon AJ, Luu M, et al. Incidence of multiple sclerosis misdiagnosis in referrals to two academic centers. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019 May;30:51-6. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.048. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

3. Kotelnikova E, Kiani NA, Abad E, et al. Dynamics and heterogeneity of brain damage in multiple sclerosis. PLoS Comput Biol. 2017;13(10):e1005757. doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005757

4. Zeydan B, Kantarci OH. Impact of Age on Multiple Sclerosis Disease Activity and Progression. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2020;20(7):24. doi: 10.1007/s11910-020-01046-2

5. Pardo G, Jones DE. The sequence of disease-modifying therapies in relapsing multiple sclerosis: safety and immunologic considerations. J Neurol. 2017;264(12):2351-74. doi: 10.1007/s00415-017-8594-9

6. Timchenkova SP. The influence of intellectual load on the emotional state of students. Voprosy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2018;6(18):166-9 (In Russ.).

7. Rayevskaya EA. Features of emotional states of first-year students in the context of education continuity. Neprerivnoe obrazovanie: XXI vek. 2019;4(28). doi: 10.15393/j5.art.2019.5148 (In Russ.).

8. Sharif K, Watad A, Coplan L, et al. The role of stress in the mosaic of autoimmunity: An overlooked association. Autoimmun Rev. 2018 Oct;17(10):967-83. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

9. Lebedeva AV, Shchukin IA, Soldatov MA, et al. Asthenia, emotional disorders and quality of life of patients with multiple sclerosis. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2014;114(10-2):99-104 (In Russ.).

10. Malygin VL, Boyko AN, Konovalova OE, et al. Anxiety and depressive psychopathological characteristics of patients with multiple sclerosis at different stages of disease. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2019;119(2-2):58-63. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20191192258 (In Russ.).

11. Hu M, Muhlert N, Robertson N, et al. Perceived fatigue and cognitive performance change in multiple sclerosis: Uncovering predictors beyond baseline fatigue. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 2019;32:46-53. doi: 10.1016/j.msard.2019.04.011

12. Kasatkin DS, Molchanova SS, Spirin NN. Early cognitive dysfunction as a marker for the poor course of multiple sclerosis: a prospective 12-year follow-up. Nevrologiya, neyropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika = Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2019;11(3):47-51. doi: 10.14412/2074-2711-2019-3-47-51 (In Russ.).

13. Thompson AJ, Banwell BL, Barkhof F, et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2017 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2018;17(2):162-73. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(17)30470-2

14. Malkova NA, Ierusalimskii AP. Rasseyannyy skleroz [Multiple sclerosis]. Novosibirsk; 2006. 197 p. (In Russ.).

15. Sharafutdinova LR, Nigmatullin RH, Bakhtiyarova KZ, et al. External risk factors for multiple sclerosis in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Medizinskyi vestnik MVD. 2014;(4):71-3 (In Russ.).

16. Ivanova EB, Bakhtiyarova KZ, Zaplakhova OV, et al. Clinical and epidemiological study of multiple sclerosis in the city of Ufa. Practicheskaya medicina. 2017;(1):88-91. (In Russ.).

17. Alroughani R, Boyko A. Pediatric multiple sclerosis: a review. BMC Neurol. 2018;18(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1026-3

18. Popova EV, Novikova KV, Khachanova NV, et al. The search for optimal decision in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: to improve adherence not reducing the efficacy. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2017;117(10-2):48-52. doi: 10.17116/jnevro201711710248-52 (In Russ.).

19. Dantzer R. Neuroimmune Interactions: From the Brain to the Immune System and Vice Versa. Physiol Rev. 2018 Jan 1;98(1):477-504. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00039.2016

20. Magaeva SV, Morozov SG, Gribova IE. Psychoneuroimmunology as psychosomatics. Neuroimmunology. 2006;4(3-4):4-16 (In Russ.).


Review

Views: 262


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 2074-2711 (Print)
ISSN 2310-1342 (Online)