Positional vertigo: central and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2025-2-71-75
Abstract
The basis of positional vertigo is usually benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) associated with damage to the semicircular canals of the vestibular analyzer. The diagnosis of BPPV is based on positional tests that help to determine the affected canal. Central positional vertigo is characterized by nystagmus which, unlike nystagmus in BPPV, does not subside in most cases, has no rotational component and no latency period. Two clinical observations of patients with central positional vertigo caused by a brain tumor and ischemic stroke are presented. The differential diagnosis of BPPV and central positional vertigo and the treatment of acute vestibular vertigo are discussed. The data on the efficacy and safety of the use of a fixed combination of dimenhydrinate and cinnarizine (Arlevert) for the treatment of acute vestibular vertigo are analyzed.
About the Authors
O. V. Kosivtsova
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021
Competing Interests:
The investigation has not been sponsored. There are no conflicts of interest. The authors are solely responsible for submitting the final version of the manuscript for publication. All the authors have participated in developing the concept of the article and in writing the manuscript. The final version of the manuscript has been approved by all the authors.
O. M. Krutik
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021
Competing Interests:
The investigation has not been sponsored. There are no conflicts of interest. The authors are solely responsible for submitting the final version of the manuscript for publication. All the authors have participated in developing the concept of the article and in writing the manuscript. The final version of the manuscript has been approved by all the authors.
Yu. A. Starchina
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021
Competing Interests:
The investigation has not been sponsored. There are no conflicts of interest. The authors are solely responsible for submitting the final version of the manuscript for publication. All the authors have participated in developing the concept of the article and in writing the manuscript. The final version of the manuscript has been approved by all the authors.
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For citations:
Kosivtsova OV, Krutik OM, Starchina YA. Positional vertigo: central and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Nevrologiya, neiropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika = Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2025;17(2):71-75. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2025-2-71-75
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