Resolution of the Expert Council on the problem of early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
A. N. Bogolepova,
E. E. Vasenina,
N. V. Vakhnina,
S. V. Vorobyеv,
S. I. Gavrilova,
А. Yu. Emelin,
V. V. Zakharov,
S. N. Illarioshkin,
O. V. Kosivtsova,
G. P. Kostyuk,
O. S. Levin,
E. A. Mkhitaryan,
V. А. Parfenov,
O. N. Tkacheva,
Yu. A. Shpilyukova https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2024-5-111-119
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia. In daily practice, AD is often diagnosed late, while the early stages of the disease are overlooked or mistaken for cerebrovascular pathology. However, the efficacy of existing and newly developed (disease-modifying) AD therapies is the greatest in the early stages of the disease. An accurate diagnosis of AD is possible when biological markers of the main pathological process (cerebral amyloidosis, tauopathy) are detected using positron emission tomography or neurochemical examination of cerebrospinal fluid, which are gradually being introduced into practice in Russia. The experts discussed the clinical aspects of the use of biological markers, obtained in the leading specialized centers of our country for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment (CI). First and foremost, biomarker testing is indicated in patients with mild CI and mild dementia possibly associated with AD, so that disease-modifying (pathogenetic) therapy can be initiated as early as possible upon on its availability (currently, drugs for anti-amyloid disease-modifying therapy are not registered in the Russian Federation). Patients with a non-classical (non-amnestic) or atypical AD phenotype are another group of patients in whom it is also advisable to analyze biomarkers for differential diagnostic purposes.
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease,
beta-amyloid,
tau protein,
medial temporal atrophy,
neurodegeneration,
biomarkers,
dementia,
cognitive impairment
Supporting agencies: The article is sponsored by Eisai
About the Authors
A. N. Bogolepova
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Medical Genetics of the Faculty of MedicineN.I. Pirogov RNRMU.
1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117997; 1, Ostrovityanova St., Build. 10, Moscow 117997
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
E. E. Vasenina
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Neurology with a course of reflexology and manual therapy, Center for extrapyramidal and cognitive disorders.
2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
N. V. Vakhnina
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicineю
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
S. V. Vorobyеv
Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Neurology with a Clinic of Institute of Medical Education.
2, Akkuratova St., St. Petersburg 197341
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
S. I. Gavrilova
Mental Health Research Centre
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Geriatric Psychiatry.
34, Kashirskoe Shosse, Moscow 115522
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
А. Yu. Emelin
S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Ministry of Defense of Russia
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Nervous Diseases.
6, Akademika Lebedeva St., St. Petersburg 194044
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
V. V. Zakharov
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Vladimir Vladimirovich Zakharov - Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicineю
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
S. N. Illarioshkin
Research Centre of Neurology; Russian University of Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Neurology RUM.
80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367; 4, Dolgorukovskaya St., Build. 7, Moscow 125006
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
O. V. Kosivtsova
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicineю
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
G. P. Kostyuk
Lomonosov Moscow State University; Psychiatric Hospital No. 1 named after N.A. Alexeev of the Department of Health of Moscow
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Mental Health Lomonosov MSU.
1, Leninskye Gory, Moscow 119991; 2, Zagorodnoe Shosse, Moscow 117152
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
O. S. Levin
Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Neurology with a course of reflexology and manual therapy, Center for extrapyramidal and cognitive disorders.
2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
E. A. Mkhitaryan
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Aging Diseases, Faculty of Continuing Professional Education, Russian Clinical and Research Centre of Gerontology.
1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117997; 16, 1st Leonova St., Moscow 129226
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
V. А. Parfenov
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicineю
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
O. N. Tkacheva
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
Department of Aging Diseases, Faculty of Continuing Professional Education, Russian Clinical and Research Centre of Gerontology.
1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117997; 16, 1st Leonova St., Moscow 129226
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
Yu. A. Shpilyukova
Research Centre of Neurology
Russian Federation
Competing Interests:
Russian Federation
80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367
Competing Interests:
The conflict of interests did not affect the results of the study
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For citations:
Bogolepova AN, Vasenina EE, Vakhnina NV, Vorobyеv SV, Gavrilova SI, Emelin АY, Zakharov VV, Illarioshkin SN, Kosivtsova OV, Kostyuk GP, Levin OS, Mkhitaryan EA, Parfenov VА, Tkacheva ON, Shpilyukova YA. Resolution of the Expert Council on the problem of early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Nevrologiya, neiropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika = Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2024;16(5):111-119. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2024-5-111-119
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