Место виртуальной реальности в реабилитации пациентов с рассеянным склерозом

Рассеянный склероз (РС) – это хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание, вследствие которого снижается трудоспособность и активная жизнедеятельность преимущественно молодого населения. Помимо лекарственной терапии, неотъемлемой частью жизни человека с РС становится физическая активность. За последние десятилетия реабилитация пациентов с РС шагнула вперед. Однако по-прежнему актуальна проблема приверженности реабилитации. Методы реабилитации с применением виртуальной реальности (ВР) позволяют не только повысить качество тренировочного процесса, но и увеличить приверженность реабилитационному процессу.
Цель исследования – изучить имеющиеся в литературе данные об эффективности методик с применением ВР в отношении уменьшения выраженности симптомов РС и улучшения качества жизни.
Материал и методы. Был проведен обзор литературы с использованием баз данных MEDLINE (PubMed), eLibrary, Google Schcolar. В исследование включались работы, соответствующие двум критериям: исследуемая популяция – пациенты с РС; наличие хотя бы одной группы сравнения (стандартная терапия или без терапии).
Результаты. По результатам анализа были отобраны 44 статьи. Описана эффективность ВР в снижении таких проявлений РС, как усталость, нарушение равновесия, риск падений, мобильность, апраксия, нарушение функции рук, а также влияние на общее качество жизни и его составляющие.
Заключение. Методы реабилитации с применением ВР могут не только занять свое место в общей системе физической реабилитации, но и стать мощным инструментом в повышении мотивации и качества жизни на всех этапах восстановительного лечения.

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