Psychosocial factors and sleep disorders in the population aged 25–64 years in Russia/Siberia (International WHO MONICA-Psychosocial Programme)

Objective: to determine the main psychosocial factors associated with sleep disorders in an open population aged 25–64 years in Novosibirsk.

Material and methods. Screening studies were conducted on representative samples of the population aged 25–64 years: in 2013–2016. (V screening: 427 men, mean age 34±0.4 years, response rate 71%; 548 women, mean age 35±0.4 years, response rate 72%); in 2015–2018 (VI screening: 275 men, mean age – 49±0.4 years, response rate – 72%; 390 women, mean age – 45±0.4 years, response rate – 75%) (budget topic No. АААА-А17-117112850280-2) using the protocol of the WHO international program “MONICA-psychosocial”. The Jenkins questionnaire was used in the population survey to investigate sleep disorders. To examine personal anxiety, a form of the Spielberger Self-Assessment Scale was used; to determine depression, life exhaustion, and hostility, the MOPSY-test was used; and to examine social support, the Berkman-Syme test was used.

Results. In the open population aged 25 to 64 years, sleep disorders were found in 47.6% of men and 51.2% of women. Among those with sleep disorders, we found high levels of: anxiety (HLA) in 61.8% of men (χ²=56.169; df=4; p<0.001) and 68.1% of women (χ²=36.535; df=4; p<0.001); depression (HLD) – in 18.2% of men (χ²=26.609; df=4; p<0.001) and 20% of women (χ²=41.041; df=4; p<0.001); vital exhaustion (VE) – in 63.6% of men (χ²=93.378; df=4; p<0.001) and 59.3% of women (χ²=124.115; df=4; p<0.001); hostility (HLH) – in 52.7% of men (χ²=17.598; df=4; p<0.001) and 39.3% of women (χ²=13.139; df=4; p<0.01).We found no statistically significant differences between groups of men and women, who differed in sleep self-essessment and indicators of the index of close contacts and the index of social ties.

Sleep disturbances increased the likelihood of developing of VE (OR 2.301; 95% СI 1.774–2.984; p<0.0001), HLA (OR 1.882; 95% CI 1.199–2.955; p<0.006), depression (OR 1.423; 95% CI 1.099–1.842; p<0.007). In men, sleep disturbances contributed to: HLA (OR 2.477; 95% CI 1.303–4.709; p<0.006), VE (OR 2.282; 95% CI 1.529–3.404; p<0.0001). In the group of women with sleep problems, the probability of VE increased (OR 2.37; 95% CI 1.669–3.366; p<0.0001).

Conclusion. The study found that in an open population aged 25–64 years with sleep disorders, there was a high level of psychosocial factors and that the presence of sleep disorders increased the likelihood of developing psychosocial factors.

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