Awareness of cardiovascular diseases risk factors, attitude towards their health and sleep disorders among the 25–64 years old population in Russia/Siberia (WHO International «MONICA-psychosocial» program)

Objective: to establish associations of awareness and attitude towards cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) prevention in people with sleep disorders in an open population of Novosibirsk aged 25–64 years.

Patients and methods. We carried out screening surveys of representative samples of the 25–64 years old population: in 2013–2016 – V screening (427 men, mean age– 34±0.4 years, response rate – 71%; 548 women, mean age– 35±0.4 years, response rate – 72%); in 2015–2018 – VI screening (275 men, mean age – 49±0.4 years, response rate – 72%; 390 women, mean age – 45±0.4 years, response rate – 75%) using the protocol of the WHO international program «MONICA-psychosocial». Jenkins sleep evaluation questionnaire was used to evaluate sleep disorders in the study population.

Results and discussion. Participants with sleep disorders believed that they were «not entirely healthy» (men – 65.5%, χ² =57.825, df=8, p<0.001 and women – 69.6%, χ² =96.883, df=4, p<0.001); had health related complaints (men – 78.2%, χ² =24.179, df=2, p<0.001 and women – 85.2%, χ² =55.144, df=2, p<0.001), and clearly did not care enough about their health (men – 32.7%, χ² =29.31, df=4, p<0.001 and women – 34.1%, χ² =28.116, df=4, p<0.001). Men with sleep disorders more often assumed that they were more likely to get a serious illness within the next 5–10 years (χ² =12.976, df=4, p<0.01). Participants with sleep disorders were confident that modern medicine can prevent (men – 10.9%, χ² =19.079, df=2, p<0.001 and women – 13.3%, χ² =21.944, df=2, p<0.01) and successfully treat (men – 3.6%, χ² =24.142, df=8, p<0.01 and women – 3.7%, χ² =15.538, df=8, p<0.05) only some heart diseases. Men and women with sleep disorders are more likely to seek medical attention in case of severe pain or discomfort in the heart area, but do not seek medical advice if this pain or unpleasant sensation is mild (men – 63.6%, χ² =14.867, df=6, p<0.05 and women – 60%, χ² =17.872, df=6, p<0.01). Among the participants with sleep disorders men more often believe that the doctor «knows more than me» (36.4%), and women (48.1%) chose an answer: «I will not necessarily agree with the opinion of the doctor after a general examination, until a thorough evaluation has been carried out by specialists» (χ² =5.917, df=2, p<0.05). Women with sleep disorders were more likely to continue to work if they did not feel very well (54.1%, χ² =12.455, df=4, p<0.05) or their body temperature rose (37.8%, χ² =12.937, df=4, p<0.05).

Conclusion. People with sleep disorders generally have a more negative attitude towards their health and are skeptical about the possibilities of modern medicine to prevent and treat CVDs, which is reflected in their attitude to work and preventive check-ups.

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