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Age at onset in multiple sclerosis as a possible predictor for cognitive impairment in children and adolescents

https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2020-1S-9-14

Abstract

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (MS) can lead to cognitive impairment (CI). In general, in early-onset MS, there are disturbances in cognitive processes, such as information processing speed, attention, and controlling functions. Also, unlike adults with MS, children show a failure in various spheres of speech activity. The age of onset in MS, its duration and recurrence rate can affect not only the accumulation of a stable neurological deficit, but also the state of the cognitive sphere.

Objective: to study of the features of CI in children and adolescents with MS; to assess the relationship of CI to clinical characteristics, such as age at onset in the disease and its duration.

Patients and methods. The study involved 45 pediatric and adolescent patients with an established diagnosis of MS, who underwent a general neuropsychological examination of the cognitive sphere (Luria’s tests) with transfer to a point system; in addition, psychometric techniques were used to assess attention, controlling functions, memory, verbal fluency, and various types of thinking. Clinical characteristics, such as age at onset in MS and its duration at the time of the examination, were also taken into account.

Results and discussion. The leading factors that combine certain symptom complexes of CI in children and adolescents with MS were established. These factors include attention, controlling functions, auditory-verbal and visuospatial memories, various spheres of speech activity. Early-onset MS (at age of 5–8 years) was ascertained to have a greater impact on the formation of speech and controlling functions than adolescence- onset (at age of 13–16-years).

Conclusion. The risk of cognitive deficit and subsequent disability was found to be highest in early-onset MS.

About the Authors

M. D. Bogdanova
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation

8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2, Moscow 119991



T. T. Batysheva
Research and Practical Center of Pediatric Psychoneurology, Moscow Healthcare Department
Russian Federation

74, Michurinsky Prospect, Moscow 119602



Yu. V. Mikadze
M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Federal Center for the Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia
Russian Federation

11, Mokhovaya St., Build. 9, Moscow 125009;
1, Ostrovityanov St, Moscow 117997;
1, Ostrovityanov St, Build. 10, Moscow 117997



R. Ts. Bembeeva
N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation

1, Ostrovityanov St, Moscow 117997;
117, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119571



E. Yu. Volkova
Russian Children’s Clinical Hospital, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
117, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119571


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ISSN 2074-2711 (Print)
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