Near-moderate cognitive decline
https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2020-2-92-97
Abstract
Management of patients with cognitive impairment is one of the most relevant and important problems of neurology. It is especially important to identify cognitive impairment at the early (pre-dementia) stages, when appropriate medical measures are implemented, the progression of cognitive decline can be slowed down or stopped. Near-moderate cognitive decline (NMCD) at elderly and senile ages may be a predictor for the development of clinically significant cognitive impairment up to dementia. In most Western works, NMCD is associated with subjective cognitive decline, but it would be more legitimate to distinguish a form (a stage) of mild cognitive decline among NMCDs. It is assumed that NMCD is not necessarily a precursor to more severe cognitive impairment – the former can be a manifestation of age-related changes, emotional-affective disorders, and neurological and somatic diseases, although their presence substantially increases the risk of moderate and severe cognitive impairment. The review provides current ideas about the initial forms of cognitive decline, as well as neuroimaging data in these patients. It considers the influence of emotional-affective and cardiovascular factors on the development of cognitive deficit.
Keywords
near-moderate cognitive decline,
subjective cognitive decline,
mild cognitive decline,
cognitive functions
Supporting agencies: This investigation has been supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Projects № 19-29-01112 мк. There are no conflicts of interest.
About the Authors
N. N. Koberskaya
Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia;
Center for Information Technologies in Design, Russian Academy of Sciences;
Russian Research and Clinical Center of Gerontology, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021, Russia
7A, Marshal Biryuzov St., Odintsovo, Moscow Region 143003, Russia
16, First Leonov St., Moscow 129226, Russia
T. M. Ostroumova
Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia;
Center for Information Technologies in Design, Russian Academy of Sciences
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021, Russia
7A, Marshal Biryuzov St., Odintsovo, Moscow Region 143003, Russia
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For citations:
Koberskaya NN, Ostroumova TM. Near-moderate cognitive decline. Nevrologiya, neiropsikhiatriya, psikhosomatika = Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics. 2020;12(2):92-97. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2020-2-92-97
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