Острое изолированное вестибулярное головокружение, сопровождающееся потерей слуха: инсульт или периферическая вестибулопатия

Острое вестибулярное головокружение (ОВГ), сопровождающееся потерей слуха, может быть вызвано ишемическим инсультом в вертебробазилярной системе, инфарктом лабиринта, приступом болезни Меньера (БМ), лабиринтитом и вторичным гидропсом. Из-за клинического сходства с триадой симптомов, характерных для БМ (ОВГ, снижение слуха и шум в ушах), таким пациентам, если исключается БМ, часто устанавливается диагноз «меньероподобный синдром», при этом не проводится полноценная дифференциальная диагностика. У пациентов с меньероподобным синдромом повышается риск хронического течения головокружения и развития коморбидных состояний, таких как тревожно-депрессивный синдром, болевые синдромы в области шеи, головная боль напряжения, неустойчивость с падениями. Повышение знаний врачей в области дифференциальной диагностики ОВГ, сопровождающегося острой потерей слуха, необходимо для оптимизации лечения и профилактики хронического течения заболевания. Обсуждаются проявления и диагностика основных причин развития ОВГ с потерей слуха.

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