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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2018-1-4-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-823</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Theories of personality traits and essential arterial hypertension: history and modern times</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Теории личностных черт и эссенциальная артериальная гипертензия: история и современность</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>Ю. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>Yu. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Leninsky Gory, Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zinchenko@psy.msu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Первичко</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pervichko</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Leninsky Gory, Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Остроумова</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ostroumova</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127423, Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1;</p><p>119991, Москва, ул. Большая Пироговская, 2, стр.4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>20, Delegatskaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 127473;</p><p>2, Bolshaya Pirogovskaya St., Build. 4, Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова Минздрава России», Москва, Россия; &#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет)» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia, Moscow, Russia; &#13;
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Zinchenko Y.P., Pervichko E.I., Ostroumova O.D., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зинченко Ю.П., Первичко Е.И., Остроумова О.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zinchenko Y.P., Pervichko E.I., Ostroumova O.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/823">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/823</self-uri><abstract><p>The paper analyzes the concepts of personality profiles and demonstrates the possibility of applying this approach to comparatively assessing the psychological characteristics of patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH).</p><p>It sets forth the fundamentals of the concepts by F. Alexander, H.F. Dunbar, M. Friedman, and R. Rosenman, which emphasize the importance of emotional, personal, and behavioral factors for the etiology and pathogenesis of EAH and analyzes in detail the psychological study of the characteristics of the so-called type D (distressed) personality that is characterized by a combination of the predominance of negative emotions, social isolation, and inability to regulate these factors.</p><p>The authors present the results of their own empirical study of personal characteristics (through the Cattel's 16 personality factors questionnaire) in patients with office hypertension (OH) versus those with classical EAH and healthy individuals. OH patients are shown to be significantly less sociable, less emotionally stable, more overwrought and shy, and more prone to self-control and feelings of guilt. The experimental psychological study (by simulating of emotional stress and by using the modified variant of the procedure developed by S. Rosenzweig to examine frustration reactions) has revealed that the patients with OH tend to experience the most intense negative sthenic emotions and they significantly more frequently resort to repression of these emotions.</p><p>The findings prove that the EAH group is e heterogeneous and confirm the assumption that OH patients show negative affectivity and lower social activity.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье представлен анализ концепций личностных профилей и продемонстрирована возможность использования данного подхода для сравнительной оценки психологических особенностей пациентов с эссенциальной артериальной гипертензией (ЭАГ). Изложены основные положения концепций Ф. Александера, Х.Ф. Данбар, М. Фридмана и Р. Розенмана, подчеркивающих значение эмоционально-личностных и поведенческих факторов для этиологии и патогенеза ЭАГ; подробно проанализированы психологические исследования характеристик так называемого типа личности D (distressed personality), который характеризуется сочетанием преобладания негативных эмоций, социальной изоляции и неспособности субъекта к регуляции этих факторов. Представлены результаты собственного эмпирического исследования личностных особенностей (использован 16-факторный личностный опросник Кеттелла) пациентов с «гипертонией на рабочем месте» (АГрм) в сравнении с больными «классической» ЭАГ и здоровыми лицами. Показано, что больные АГрм являются достоверно менее общительными, менее эмоционально устойчивыми, более внутренне напряженными и застенчивыми; более склонными к самоконтролю и переживанию чувства вины. Экспериментальное психологическое исследование (с моделированием эмоциональной нагрузки и использованием модифицированного варианта методики изучения фрустрационных реакций С. Розенцвейга) выявило, что пациентам с АГрм свойственно максимально интенсивное переживание негативных стенических эмоций и они достоверно чаще прибегают к репрессии этих эмоций. Полученные результаты доказывают неоднородность группы больных ЭАГ и подтверждают предположение о негативной аффективности и снижении социальной активности (социальной ингибиции) пациентов с АГрм.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тип личности D</kwd><kwd>эссенциальная артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>«гипертония на рабочем месте»</kwd><kwd>негативная аффективность</kwd><kwd>социальная ингибиция</kwd><kwd>регуляция эмоций</kwd><kwd>репрессия эмоций</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type D personality</kwd><kwd>essential arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>office hypertension</kwd><kwd>negative affectivity</kwd><kwd>social inhibition</kwd><kwd>emotion regulation</kwd><kwd>emotional repression</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schur M. Comments on the metapsychology of somatization. The Psychoanalitic Study of the Child. 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