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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2017-4-55-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-796</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cognitive complaints and cognitive impairment in patients with chronic daily headache</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Когнитивные жалобы и нарушения у пациентов с хронической ежедневной головной болью</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головачева</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovacheva</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии лечебного факультета</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">xoxo.veronicka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парфенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parfenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии лечебного факультета</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Головачева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golovacheva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии лечебного факультета</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, Faculty of General Medicine</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» (Сеченовский университет) Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>12</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Golovacheva V.A., Parfenov V.A., Golovacheva A.A., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Головачева В.А., Парфенов В.А., Головачева А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Golovacheva V.A., Parfenov V.A., Golovacheva A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/796">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/796</self-uri><abstract><p>Comorbidities in chronic daily headache (CDH) include emotional disorders (depression, anxiety), insomnia, and musculoskeletal pain at other sites. In CDH, the most common type is a subjective  (according to patients themselves) and/or objective (based on the  results of cognitive tests) reduction in cognitive functions, which can  be caused by emotional disorders, insomnia and/or brain diseases,  and a negative effect of chronic pain on cognitive functions.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to analyze cognitive complaints and their changes in patients with CDH.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. Subjective complaints and cognitive functions were evaluated in 90 patients (76 women and 14 men) aged 23 to 78 years (mean age, 46.7±12.0 years) with primary  forms of CDH according to the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MCA) for 12 months. The majority (68.9%) of patients with CHD  complained of diminished memory; however, its mild disorders (25– 26 MCA scores) were found in only a small proportion (23.3%). All  patients with subjective diminished memory were ascertained to  have neurotic disorders (depression, anxiety disorder) and/or insomnia or a concurrence of mental disorder and insomnia.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. All the patients received treatment options, including optimal pharmacotherapy for headache and concomitant diseases, an educational conversation, cognitive- behavioral therapy, and therapeutic exercises. In cognitive  impairment (CI), cognitive training was used and Ginkgo biloba  extract (EGb 761®) prescribed; in sleep disorders, sleep hygiene  rules were explained. Therapy declined the mean number of  headache days a month from 29.1±2.03 (at baseline) to 9.3±9.35  (at 12-month follow-up) (p=0.002); while the subjective complaints regressed in the majority of patients; mild MCA changes persisted only in 6.7% of the patients. Management tactics for CHD patients  having mild CI and cardiovascular risk factors and the use of EGb  761® to improve cognitive functions were considered.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It has been ascertained that in many cases, CI is associated with emotional disorders and insomnia, as well as with pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic pain itself; CI in some  patients has a vascular origin. The use of combined treatment  programs can promptly and effectively reduce the frequency of  headache and improve cognitive functions. EGb 761® (Tanakan®) has a beneficial effect on subjective CI and mild CI.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>К коморбидным расстройствам при хронической ежедневной головной боли (ХЕГБ) относят эмоциональные нарушения (депрессия, тревожное расстройство), инсомнию, скелетно- мышечную боль другой локализации. При ХЕГБ распространено субъективное (по мнению самих пациентов) и/или объективное (по результатам когнитивных тестов) снижение когнитивных функций, которое может быть вызвано эмоциональными расстройствами, инсомнией и/или заболеваниями головного мозга, негативным влиянием хронической боли на когнитивные функции.</p><p>Цель исследования – анализ когнитивных жалоб и их динамики у пациентов с ХЕГБ.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. У 90 пациентов (76 женщин и 14 мужчин) в возрасте от 23 до 78 лет (средний возраст – 46,7±12,0 лет) с первичными формами ХЕГБ оценивались субъективные жалобы и когнитивные функции по монреальской когнитивной шкале (МКШ) в течение 12 мес. На снижение памяти жаловались большинство (68,9%) пациентов с ХЕГБ, однако по данным МКШ только у небольшой части (23,3%) из них обнаружены легкие нарушения (25–26 баллов). У всех пациентов с субъективным снижением памяти установлены невротические расстройства (депрессия, тревожное расстройство) и/или инсомния либо сочетание психического расстройства и инсомнии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Всем пациентам проводилось лечение, включавшее оптимальную фармакотерапию головной боли и сочетанных заболеваний, образовательную беседу, когнитивно-поведенческую терапию, лечебную гимнастику. При наличии когнитивных нарушений (КН) использовали когнитивный тренинг, назначали EGb 761®, при нарушениях сна разъясняли правила гигиены сна. Под влиянием терапии уменьшилось среднее количество дней головной боли в месяц с 29,1±2,03 (исходно) до 9,3±9,35 (через 12 мес наблюдения; р=0,002), при этом у большинства пациентов регрессировали субъективные жалобы; легкие изменения по МКШ сохранились только в 6,7% случаев. Рассмотрены тактика ведения пациентов с ХЕГБ, имеющих легкие КН и сердечно- сосудистые факторы риска, применение препарата EGb 761® для улучшения когнитивных функций.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Установлено, что во многих случаях КН связаны с наличием эмоциональных расстройств и инсомнии, а также с патофизиологическими механизмами самой хронической боли, у части пациентов КН имеют сосудистый генез. Применение комбинированной программы лечения позволяет быстро и эффективно уменьшить частоту головной боли, а также улучшить когнитивные функции. Благоприятное влияние при субъективных КН, ЛКН оказывает EGb 761® (Танакан®).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>субъективные когнитивные расстройства</kwd><kwd>легкие когнитивные расстройства</kwd><kwd>хроническая боль</kwd><kwd>хроническая ежедневная головная боль</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>профилактика</kwd><kwd>экстракт Гинкго Билоба (EGb 761®).</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>subjective cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>mild cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>chronic pain</kwd><kwd>chronic daily headache</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>prevention</kwd><kwd>Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb 761®).</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ayzenberg I, Katsarava Z, Sborowski A, et al. The prevalence of primary headache disorder in Russia: a countrywide survey. 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