nnpNeurology, Neuropsychiatry, PsychosomaticsНеврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика2074-27112310-1342"IMA-Press", LLC10.14412/2074-2711-2016-4-91-97nnp-680Research ArticleREVIEWSОБЗОРЫALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENTДИАГНОСТИКА И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ БОЛЕЗНИ АЛЬЦГЕЙМЕРАНауменкоА. А.NaumenkoA. A.

Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии.

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11

Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery.11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021

ГромоваД. О.GromovaD. O.

Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии.

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11

Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery.11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021

ТрофимоваН. В.TrofimovaN. V.

Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии.

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11

Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery.11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021

irinasp2@ya.ruПреображенскаяИ. А.PreobrazhenskayaI. S.

Ирина Сергеевна Преображенская - кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии.

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, irinasp2@ya.ru

Irina Sergeevna Preobrazhenskaya - Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery.

11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021. irinasp2@ya.ru

irinasp2@ya.ruПервый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М. СеченоваРоссияI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityRussian Federation201616122016849197Copyright © Naumenko A.A., Gromova D.O., Trofimova N.V., Preobrazhenskaya I.S., 20162016Науменко А.А., Громова Д.О., Трофимова Н.В., Преображенская И.А.Naumenko A.A., Gromova D.O., Trofimova N.V., Preobrazhenskaya I.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/680

Early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most important tasks of modern medicine. Even before its obvious clinical symptoms develop, AD can be now identified from the data of functional neuroimaging, including that with the Pittsburgh compound, which can detect amyloid protein accumulation in the brain structures, and from those of an analysis of biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid. If there are clinical symptoms, a diagnosis can be established by the correct evaluation of mnestic disorders; the latter in BA are so-called hippocampal. Treatment for AD should be initiated as early as possible; methods for pathogenetic therapy are being actively developed. When treating AD, one should adhere to a comprehensive approach involving the use of drugs for basic symptomatic treatment and those enhancing its efficiency, and non-drug treatments (cognitive and motor training). It is important to timely identify and eliminate potentially reversible conditions and to work with caregivers and guardians.

Ранняя диагностика болезни Альцгеймера (БА) – одна из важнейших задач современной медицины. В настоящее время БА может быть диагностирована еще до развития выраженных клинических симптомов на основании данных функциональной нейровизуализации, в том числе с питтсбургской субстанцией (что позволяет выявить накопление амилоидного белка в церебральных структурах), а также анализа биомаркеров в цереброспинальной жидкости. При наличии клинических симптомов установить диагноз помогает правильная оценка мнестических расстройств – при БА они носят так называемый гиппокампальный характер. Лечение БА должно быть начато как можно раньше; активно разрабатываются патогенетические методы терапии. В лечении БА необходимо придерживаться комплексного подхода, предполагающего использование препаратов базисной симптоматической терапии, лекарственных средств, увеличивающих эффективность препаратов базисного лечения, а также нелекарственных методов (когнитивный и моторный тренинг). Важны своевременное выявление и устранение потенциально обратимых состояний, работа с ухаживающими за больными лицами и опекунами.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.