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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2016-4-65-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-675</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>NEUROTROPHIC EFFECTS OF ETIFOXINE</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>НЕЙРОТРОФИЧЕСКИЕ ЭФФЕКТЫ ЭТИФОКСИНА</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Торшин</surname><given-names>И. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Torshin</surname><given-names>I. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>41700, Московская область, Долгопрудный, Институтский переулок, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>9, Institutsky Lane, Dolgoprudnyi, Moscow Region 141700</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Громова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gromova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Алексеевна Громова.</p><p>153000, Иваново, Шереметевский пр., 8; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1;unesco.gromova@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Sheremetevsky Passage, Ivanovo 153000; 1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">unesco.gromova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>650056, Кемерово, ул. Ворошилова, 22А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>22A, Voroshilov St., Kemerovo 650056</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лиманова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Limanova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>153000, Иваново, Шереметевский пр., 8; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Sheremetevsky Passage, Ivanovo 153000; 1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гоголева</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gogoleva</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>153000, Иваново, Шереметевский пр., 8; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Sheremetevsky Passage, Ivanovo 153000; 1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский физико-технический институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ивановская государственная медицинская академия; Нейробиология, Российский сотрудничающий центр Института микроэлементов под эгидой ЮНЕСКО, Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ivanovo State Medical Academy; Neurobiology Russian Satellite Center, Trace Element Institute for UNESCO, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Medical Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кемеровская государственная медицинская академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kemerovo State Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>65</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Torshin I.Y., Gromova O.A., Semenov V.A., Limanova O.A., Gogoleva I.V., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Торшин И.Ю., Громова О.А., Семенов В.А., Лиманова О.А., Гоголева И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Torshin I.Y., Gromova O.A., Semenov V.A., Limanova O.A., Gogoleva I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/675">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/675</self-uri><abstract><p>Higher anxiety results in the decreased levels of various neurotrophic factors and enkephalins and in impaired production of proinflammatory cytokines. The anxiolytic etifoxine is used to treat anxiety states and adjustment disorders. Etifoxine modulates the GABAergic transmission and metabolism of neurosteroids. The latter determines the unique neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties of the drug, such as increased expression of neurotrophic factors, regeneration of nerve fibers, and preservation and regeneration of myelin sheaths. Other important pharmacological effects of an etifoxine molecule have been also discovered; these are to relieve allodynia related to 3α-steroids and GABA receptors and to effectively treat cerebral edema, experimental autoimmune encephalitis, and excessive nervous excitability in the presence of alcohol withdrawal. In addition, the chemoreactome simulation of the molecule of etifoxine has established that its attenuated side effects are due to its lower interaction with serotonin, acetylcholine, adrenergic and other neurotransmitter receptors than is shown by benzodiazepines. Etifoxine has been also found to have anti-inflammatory (due to antihistamine and antileukotriene effects) and antitumor activities and an ability to affect hemodynamics and vessel walls.</p><p>The paper presents a systematic analysis of the results of trials of the neurotrophic properties of etifoxine. It considers how the drug stimulates the expression of neurotrophic factors, accelerates the maturation and regeneration of nerve fibers, and regenerates myelin sheaths.</p><p>The neurotrophic effects of etifoxine along with its anxiolytic activity will accelerate the recovery of patients with different neurological diseases and enhance the quality of their neurorehabilitation.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Повышенная тревожность приводит к снижению уровня различных нейротрофических факторов, энкефалинов, нарушению выработки провоспалительных цитокинов. Анксиолитик этифоксин используется для лечения тревожных состояний, нарушений адаптации. Этифоксин модулирует ГАМК1-ергическую трансмиссию и метаболизм нейростероидов. Последнее обусловливает его уникальные нейротрофические и нейропротекторные свойства: повышение экспрессии нейротрофических факторов, регенерация нервных волокон, сохранение и восстановление миелиновых оболочек. Открыты и другие важные фармакологические эффекты молекулы этифоксина: облегчение аллодинии, связанной с 3α-стероидами и ГАМК-рецепторами, эффективность при отеке мозга, экспериментальном аутоиммунном энцефалите, избыточной нервной возбудимости при алкогольной абстиненции. Кроме того, при хемореактомном моделировании молекулы этифоксина установило, что ослабление нежелательных побочных эффектов связано с меньшей по сравнению с бензодиазепинами степенью его взаимодействия с серотониновыми, ацетилхолиновыми, адренергическими и другими рецепторами нейромедиаторов. Выявлены также противовоспалительное (за счет антигистаминового и антилейкотриенового эффекта), противоопухолевое действие этифоксина, а также способность влиять на гемодинамику и стенки сосудов.В статье представлен систематический анализ результатов исследований нейротрофических свойств этифоксина. Рассмотрены стимулирование этифоксином экспресии нейротрофических факторов, ускорение вызревания и регенерации нервных волокон, а также восстановление миелиновых оболочек.Нейротрофические эффекты этифоксина наряду с его противотревожным действием ускорят восстановление и повысят качество нейрореабилитации пациентов с самыми разными неврологическими заболеваниями.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тревожность</kwd><kwd>нарушения адаптации</kwd><kwd>этифоксин</kwd><kwd>нейтрофические и нейропротекторные эффекты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>adjustment disorders</kwd><kwd>etifoxine</kwd><kwd>neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stein D. Etifoxine versus alprazolam for the treatment of adjustment disorder with anxiety: a randomized controlled trial. 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