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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2015-4-101-109</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-566</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Nonspecific low back pain: Causes, clinical picture, diagnosis, and treatment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неспецифическая люмбалгия: причины, клиника, диагностика, лечение</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исайкин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaikin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии,</p><p>119021, Москва, Россолимо, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery,</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alexisa68@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецов</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии,</p><p>119021, Москва, Россолимо, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery,</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кавелина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kavelina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии,</p><p>119021, Москва, Россолимо, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery,</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии,</p><p>119021, Москва, Россолимо, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery,</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский&#13;
университет им. И.М. Сеченова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>01</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>101</fpage><lpage>109</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Isaikin A.I., Kuznetsov I.V., Kavelina A.V., Ivanova M.A., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Исайкин А.И., Кузнецов И.В., Кавелина А.В., Иванова М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Isaikin A.I., Kuznetsov I.V., Kavelina A.V., Ivanova M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/566">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/566</self-uri><abstract><p>In the current biopsychosocial model of back pain, there are biological (anatomic sources of pain), psychological and social components that promote its occurrence and maintenance. Nonspecific (musculoskeletal, mechanical) pain that is diagnosed, with a serious disease and radicular symptoms being ruled out, is encountered most commonly (in 85% of cases) in clinical practice. A group of patients with nonspecific back pain is very heterogeneous and needs differential treatment. The most common sources of back pain are abnormally changed discs, facet and sacroiliac joints, and muscles; however, it is often difficult to determine the main source of pain. International guidelines for the management of acute and chronic back pain have been elaborated, which assign an important role to the clarification of the benign pattern of pain to patients; their training; and recommendations for the maintenance of day-to-day activity. Medical treatment involves both nonselective and selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and myorelaxants as the drugs of choice. Non-drug treatments are actively used; these are manual therapy for acute pain, cognitive behavioral therapy, manual therapy, therapeutic exercises, reflex therapy, and yoga exercises for subacute and chronic pain. Whether blockades, ablations, minimally invasive neurosurgery, which are aimed at eliminating the main source of pain, is discussed if the treatment is ineffective.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В современной биопсихосоциальной модели боли в спине выделяют биологическую составляющую (анатомические источники боли), а также психологический и социальный компоненты, которые способствуют ее возникновению и поддержанию. Наиболее часто (в 85% случаев) в клинической практике встречается неспецифическая (скелетно-мышечная, механическая) боль, которая диагностируется при исключении серьезной патологии и компрессионной радикулопатии. Группа пациентов с неспецифической болью в спине весьма неоднородна и требует дифференцированного лечения. Наиболее частыми источниками неспецифической боли в спине являются патологически измененные диски, фасеточные суставы, крестцово-подвздошное сочленение, мышцы, однако определение основного источника боли часто затруднено. Разработаны международные руководства по ведению острой и хронической боли в спине, в которых важная роль отводится разъяснению пациентам доброкачественного характера боли, их обучению, рекомендациям по сохранению повседневной активности. Медикаментозное лечение включает в качестве препаратов выбора назначение нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов, как неселективных, так и селективных, и миорелаксантов. Активно применяются немедикаментозные способы лечения: при острой боли – мануальная терапия, при подострой и хронической – когнитивно-поведенческая терапия, мануальная терапия, лечебная гимнастика, рефлексотерапия, занятия йогой. При неэффективности проводимого лечения обсуждается возможность применения блокад, абляции, малоинвазивного нейрохирургического вмешательства, направленных на устранение основного источника боли.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>неспецифическая боль в спине</kwd><kwd>основные источники боли в спине</kwd><kwd>нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты</kwd><kwd>миорелаксанты</kwd><kwd>когнитивно-поведенческая терапия</kwd><kwd>блокады при боли в спине</kwd><kwd>лечебная гимнастика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nonspecific back pain</kwd><kwd>main sources of back pain</kwd><kwd>nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs</kwd><kwd>myorelaxants</kwd><kwd>cognitive behavioral therapy</kwd><kwd>blockades for back pain</kwd><kwd>therapeutic exercises</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hestbaek L, Leboeuf-Yde C, Kyvik KO. 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