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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2015-2-16-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-506</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The symptoms of pathological fatigue, apathy, and depression in patients after stroke</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Симптомы патологической усталости, апатии и депрессии у пациентов после церебрального инсульта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кутлубаев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kutlubaev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mansur.kutlubaev@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахмадеева</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhmadeeva</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Республиканская клиническая больница им. Г.Г. Куватова», Уфа, Башкортостан 450005, Республика Башкортостан, Уфа, ул. Достоевского, 132&#13;
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ГБОУ ВПО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Уфа, Башкортостан 450000, Республика Башкортостан, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.G. Kuvatov Republican Clinical Hospital, Ufa, Bashkortostan 132, Dostoevsky St., Ufa 450005, Republic of Bashkortostan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБОУ ВПО «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Уфа, Башкортостан 450000, Республика Башкортостан, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Bashkir State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia, Ufa, Bashkortostan 3, Lenin St., Ufa 450000, Republic of Bashkortostan</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>06</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>16</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kutlubaev M.A., Akhmadeeva L.R., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кутлубаев М.А., Ахмадеева Л.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kutlubaev M.A., Akhmadeeva L.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/506">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/506</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to comparatively analyze the rate and correlation of the symptoms of pathological fatigue, apathy, and depression in patients in the termination phase of an acute stroke period.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The symptoms of asthenia (pathological fatigue), apathy, and depression were comparatively investigated in 105 patients at 3–4 weeks after stroke. The fatigue rating scale, apathy rating scale, and hospital anxiety and depression (HAD) scale were used to evaluate the symptoms of pathological fatigue, apathy, and depression. The level of anxiety was also estimated using the appropriate HAD subscale and the Epworth daytime sleepiness scale; the magnitude of cognitive impairments was judged from the Montreal cognitive assessment. The type, basin, and recurrence of stroke were registered. The severity of neurological deficit was evaluated using the U.S. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS); limited functional capacities were estimated by the modified Rankin scale (mRS). The presence of prestroke fatigue was also determined.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The symptoms of asthenia were observed in 56% of the patients and associated with the severity of poststroke disability. The symptoms of apathy were detected in 10.5% of the patients; those of depression were present in 18% and determined by the magnitude of neurological deficit and the degree of poststroke disability and cognitive impairments. All the three phenomena were correlated with the magnitude of anxiety, daytime sleepiness, and between them. This suggests that they may complicate a reciprocal course in some cases. The symptoms of depression, asthenia, and apathy may also develop on their own, which is borne out by their different rates and correlations. Each of these phenomena requires an individual approach to diagnosis and treatment.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The symptoms of pathological fatigue are most common and least specific in patients with mild poststroke neurological deficit. Apathy may be also associated with depression or develop on its own. Further investigation of mechanisms for the development of poststroke pathological fatigue and apathy is important for developing effective methods to correct these abnormalities.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования – сравнительный анализ частоты и корреляции симптомов патологической усталости, апатии и депрессии у пациентов в фазу завершения острого периода церебрального инсульта.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Проведено сравнительное исследование симптомов астении (патологической усталости), апатии и депрессии у 105 пациентов на 3–4-й неделе после церебрального инсульта. Для оценки симптомов патологической усталости, апатии и депрессии использовали шкалу оценки усталости, шкалу оценки апатии и подшкалу депрессии Госпитальной шкалы депрессии и тревоги (HADS). Оценивали также уровень тревоги по соответствующей подшкале HADS и дневной сонливости по шкале Epworth; выраженность когнитивных нарушений по Монреальской шкале когнитивной оценки. Регистрировали тип, бассейн и повторность инсульта. Тяжесть неврологического дефицита определяли по шкале инсульта Национального института здоровья CША (NIHSS),ограничение функциональных возможностей – по модифицированной шкале Рэнкина (mRS). Оценивали также наличие усталости до инсульта.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Симптомы астении наблюдались у 56% пациентов и были связаны с тяжестью постинсультной инвалидизации. Симптомы апатии обнаружены у 10,5% пациентов, симптомы депрессии – у 18% и были обусловлены выраженностью неврологического дефицита, степенью постинсультной инвалидизации и когнитивных нарушений. Все три феномена коррелировали с выраженностью тревоги, дневной сонливости, а также между собой. Это указывает на то, что в некоторых случаях они могут осложнять взаимное течение. Симптомы депрессии, астении и апатии также могут развиваться самостоятельно, что подтверждается их различной частотой и корреляциями. Каждый из этих феноменов требует отдельного подхода к диагностике и лечению.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Симптомы патологической усталости являются наиболее распространенными и наименее специфичными у пациентов после инсульта с нетяжелым неврологическим дефицитом. Апатия также может быть ассоциирована с депрессией или развиваться самостоятельно. Дальнейшее изучение механизмов развития постинсультной патологической усталости и апатии является важным условием для разработки эффективных методов коррекции этих патологических состояний.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>астения</kwd><kwd>патологическая усталость</kwd><kwd>апатия</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>дневная сонливость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>asthenia</kwd><kwd>pathological fatigue</kwd><kwd>apathy</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>daytime sleepiness</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скворцова ВИ, Концевой ВА, Петрова ЕА, Савина МА. Депрессия и парадепрессивные расстройства при церебральном инсульте: эпидемиология, патогенез и факторы риска. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2009;109;4–10. 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