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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2014-4-19-25</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-448</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CURRENT GUIDELINES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Current guidelines and prospects for using novel oral anticoagulants for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Современные рекомендации и перспективы применения новых пероральных антикоагулянтов при неклапанной фибрилляции предсердий</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фонякин</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fonyakin</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">fonyakin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии», Москва, Россия 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Neurology Research Center, Moscow, Russia&#13;
80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>12</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>25</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Fonyakin A.V., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Фонякин А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Fonyakin A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/448">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/448</self-uri><abstract><p>The capabilities of antithrombotic therapy to prevent systemic thromboembolic events in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF) are substantially extended after clinically introducing novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs), such as dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban. World clinical experience with NOACs in AF has confirmed their efficacy and safety in both primary and secondary stroke prevention. At the same time, apixaban additionally reduces the risk of fatal outcomes and it is the safest among the NOACs against hemorrhagic events. The low risks of intracranial hemorrhage typical of NOACs should be taken into account when choosing oral anticoagulant therapy after hemorrhagic stroke in patients athigh risk for thromboembolic events due to AF. Whether NOACs may be used in acute myocardial infarction and during coronary stenting in the presence of nonvalvular AF, left ventricular thromboses, and cardiomyopathies is considered. In real clinical practice, nonvalvular AF may be accompanied by different cardiovascular diseases, by creating the situations where there are no specific guidelines for the use of NOACs. The results of comparing the clinical efficiency of different antithrombotic therapy regimens, the subanalysis of randomized trials, and experts’ opinions may assist a physician to substantiate their decisions. Thus, just a few NOACs that are similar and/or superior to warfarin in efficacy and safety have emerged to date. There are grounds to believe that many physicians will prefer direct anticoagulants to warfarin not only because of their proven efficacy, but also the rapid onset of their anticoagulant effect, neither interaction with a number of foods or drugs, and above all, nor need for regular laboratory blood testing. World post-marketingsurveillance and new clinical tests will be helpful in better estimating the benefits and risks of treatment with NOACs and in expanding indications for their use, which will considerably enhance the possibilities of preventing thromboembolic events in cardiac pathology in the period ahead.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Возможности антитромботической терапии для профилактики системных тромбоэмболических осложнений при неклапанной фибрилляции предсердий (ФП) существенно расширились с внедрением в клиническую практику новых пероральных антикоагулянтов (НОАК), таких как дабигатран, ривароксабан и апиксабан. Мировой опыт клинического применения НОАК при ФП подтвердил их эффективность и безопасность как в первичной, так и во вторичной профилактике инсульта. При этом апиксабан дополнительно снижает риск смертельных исходов и является наиболее безопасным среди НОАК в отношении геморрагических ослож-нений. Низкие риски внутричерепных кровоизлияний, свойственные НОАК, следует учитывать при выборе пероральной антикоагулянтной терапии после геморрагического инсульта у больных с высоким риском тромбоэмболических осложнений в связи с ФП. Рассматривается возможность применения НОАК при остром инфаркте миокарда и коронарном стентировании на фоне неклапанной ФП, при тромбозах левого желудочка, кардиомиопатиях. В реальной клинической практике неклапанная ФП может сочетаться с различной сердечно-сосудистой патологией, создавая ситуации, при которых для назначения НОАК нет конкретных рекомендаций. В обосновании решений врачу могут помочь результаты сопоставления клинической эффективности различных режимов антитромботической терапии, субанализ рандомизированных испытаний, мнения экспертов. Таким образом, на сегодняшний день появилось сразу несколько НОАК, сравнимых с варфарином и/или превосходящих его по эффективности и безопасности. Есть основания полагать, что многие врачи предпочтут прямые антикоагулянты варфарину не только из-за доказанной эффективности, но и из-за быстроты наступления антикоагуляционного эффекта, отсутствия взаимодействия с рядом пищевых продуктов, лекарственных препаратов и, самое главное, отсутствия необходимости регулярного лабораторного контроля крови. Мировой постмаркетинговый мониторинг и новые клинические испытания помогут лучше оценить пользу и риск лечения НОАК и будут содействовать расширению показаний к их применению, что в будущем значительно обогатит возможности профилактики тромбоэмболических осложнений при кардиальной патологии.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фибрилляция предсердий</kwd><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>пероральные антикоагулянты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atrial fibrillation</kwd><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>oral anticoagulants.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Go AS, Hylek EM, Philips KA, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. JAMA. 2001;285:2370–5. 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