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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2014-3-75-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-441</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Myofascial pain: from Virchow's to our days</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Миофасциальная боль: от Вирхова до наших дней</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва, Россия 117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, Russia 6, Miklukho-Maklai St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilegor@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВПО «Российский университет дружбы народов»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples' Friendship University of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>10</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Egorov I.V., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Егоров И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Egorov I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/441">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/441</self-uri><abstract><p>Myalgia is not a definite nosological entity and fixes the attention of neurologists, rheumatologists, and physicians in other specialties. This is first of all associated with the high incidence of chronic pain syndrome that leads to long-term disability mainly in young and middle-aged persons. One of the most common reasons for seeking advice from a therapist and neurologist is low back pain that may be due to the involvement of three key anatomical players: facet joints (arthrosis treatment should make an emphasis on  hondroprotectors), intervertebral disks (in case of discopathy, clinicians tend to favor nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs – NSAIDs), and a muscular frame. In this case, two thirds of patients with pain syndromes in the trunk and limbs are found to have myofascial dysfunction that is defined as impaired function of one orother muscle, which occurs with its overload and manifests itself as muscle spasm and the presence of painful muscle infiltrations or local muscle hypertonus and trigger points in the tense muscles. Ignoring this fact gives rise to the irrational use of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs and further to the increase of their doses because the treatment is ineffective. Modern-day therapy for myofascial syndrome is multimodal and encompasses physiotherapic and manual procedures and the use of myorelaxants rather than NSAIDs. To prescribe myorelaxants, it is necessary to understand their mechanisms of action and the effects of different agents in this group.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Мышечная боль не является определенной нозологической формой и привлекает внимание неврологов, ревматологов и врачей других специальностей. Это связано, прежде всего, с высокой частотой возникновения хронического болевого синдрома, приводящего к длительной потере трудоспособности, преимущественно у лиц молодого и среднего возраста. Одной из наиболее частых причин обращения к терапевту и неврологу оказывается боль в нижней части спины, в возникновении которой могут принимать участие три ключевых анатомических «игрока»: фасеточные суставы (при артрозе акцент в лечении следует делать на хондропротекторах), межпозвоночные диски (в случае дископатии клиницисты склоняются в пользу нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов – НПВП) и мышечный каркас. При этом у 2/3 пациентов с болевыми синдромами в области туловища и конечностей выявляется миофасциальная дисфункция, которая определяется как нарушение функции той или иной мышцы, возникающее в связи с ее перегрузкой и проявляющееся мышечным спазмом, наличием в напряженных мышцах болезненных мышечных уплотнений или локального мышечного гипертонуса и триггерных точек. Игнорирование этого факта приводит к нерациональному назначению обезболивающих и противовоспалительных средств, а в дальнейшем – к увеличению их доз в связи с неэффективностью лечения. Современная терапия миофасциального синдрома носит комплексный характер и включает в себя физиотерапевтические и мануальные методики, а также лечение не только и не столько НПВП, сколько миорелаксантами. Назначение последних требует понимания механизмов действия и уровней влияния различных препаратов этой группы.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миофасциальный синдром</kwd><kwd>триггерные точки</kwd><kwd>тизанидин</kwd><kwd>нимесулид</kwd><kwd>амтолметин гуацил</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myofascial syndrome</kwd><kwd>trigger points</kwd><kwd>tizanidine</kwd><kwd>nimesulide</kwd><kwd>amtolmetin guacil</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antie D. Nevralgia and the diseases that resemble it. London: Borenstein; 1885.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antie D. Nevralgia and the diseases that resemble it. London: Borenstein; 1885.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dejerine J avec le collaboration de Dejerine-Klü mpke. 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