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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2014-2-75-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-399</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Lumbosacral pain: Delivery of care to patients in the United Kingdom Podchufarova E.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Боль в пояснично-крестцовой области: организация помощи пациентам в Великобритании</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Подчуфарова</surname><given-names>Е.В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Podchufarova</surname><given-names>E.V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">neuro_kat@yahoo.co.uk</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>-</institution><country>United Kingdom</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>6</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Podchufarova E., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Подчуфарова Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Podchufarova E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/399">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/399</self-uri><abstract><p>Musculoskeletal pain syndromes are one of the most common causes of disability and referral to a medical specialist. Seven million consultations for lumbosacral pain are annually carried out in the United Kingdom.</p><p>Examination of patients with back pain. Three levels of health care delivered to patients with back pain in the United Kingdom may be arbitrarily identified. Level 1 is outpatient: a general practitioner jointly with a manipulative therapist, a physiotherapist, a rehabilitation specialist, and mid-level health workers render care to patients with insignificant and mild pain syndrome; Level 2 is also outpatient, which involves the participation of a hospital or multidisciplinary team consultant, for example, in a musculoskeletal pain service or a specialized pain center; Level 3 is to deliver care at neurosurgical or orthopedic hospital, by applying invasive interventions. Acute back pain is a benign condition in the vast majority of cases; there is no need for additional instrumental and laboratory studies; but spinal X-ray study, computed tomography (СT scan), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), general blood and urine tests are required when marked neurological and somatic disorders are present.</p><p>Management of patients with acute lumbosacral pain is to inform a patient about the benign nature of the disease; to exclude bed rest; to explain the need to maintain normal activity; to train how to correctly lift weights and to maintain normal posture; to refer for manual and exercise therapy in order to return to normal motor activity; to use proven effective medication. In most cases, acute back pain goes away spontaneously for a short period of time; an active treatment approach is considered to be optimal. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen are used for analgesia if required. Patients who show no improvement after 4 weeks of treatment need rescreening for markers of potentially dangerous spinal diseases, as well as determination of the signs of psychosocial ill-being and correction of therapy with consideration for identified disorders.</p><p>Management of patients with subacute and chronic pain (persisting for &gt;6 weeks, but &lt;1 year) involves the regular reconsideration of whether the diagnosis of nonspecific back pain is correct in order to rule out possible specific causes. MRI is indicated when a patient is decided to be referred for surgical treatment or there is presumptive evidence for spinal tumors, infectious, inflammatory, or traumatic injury, or cauda equina syndrome. It is optimal to start treatment with a program of therapeutic exercises, manual therapy, or acupuncture. Drug therapy encompasses NSAIDs, acetaminophen, and opioids to treat intensive pain syndrome.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Скелетно-мышечные болевые синдромы – одна из самых распространенных причин нетрудоспособности и обращения за медицинской помощью. По поводу боли в пояснично-крестцовой области в Великобритании проводится 7 млн консультаций в год. Обследование пациентов с болью в спине. Условно можно выделить три уровня оказания медицинской помощи пациентам с болью в спине в Великобритании. Первый уровень – амбулаторный: врач общей практики совместно с мануальным терапевтом, физиотерапевтом, специалистом по реабилитации, средним медицинским персоналом оказывают помощь пациентам с невыраженным и непродолжительным болевым синдромом; второй уровень – также амбулаторный, предполагает участие специалиста-консультанта госпиталя или мультицисциплинарной команды, например в рамках службы помощи пациентам со скелетно-мышечными болевыми синдромами либо в специализированном противоболевом центре; третий уровень – оказание помощи в нейрохирургическом или ортопедическом стационаре с применением инвазивных вмешательств. В подавляющем большинстве случаев острая боль в спине является «доброкачественным» состоянием, дополнительных инструментальных и лабораторных исследований не требуется, но рентгенография позвоночника, компьютерная или магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ), общий анализ крови и мочи необходимы при выраженных неврологических и соматических расстройствах. Ведение пациентов с острой болью в пояснично-крестцовой области включает: информирование пациента о доброкачественной природе заболевания; исключение постельного режима; разъяснение необходимости сохранять нормальную активность; обучение правильному подъему тяжестей и поддержанию осанки; направление на мануальную терапию и лечебную физкультуру для возвращения к нормальному уровню двигательной активности; назначение доказанного эффективного медикаментозного лечения. В большинстве случаев острая боль в спине самостоятельно проходит в течение короткого времени, оптимальным считается активный подход к лечению. При необходимости обезболивания используются нестероидные противовоспалительные препараты (НПВП) и парацетамол. Пациентам, у которых не отмечается улучшения в течение 4 нед лечения, необходимы повторный скрининг на маркеры «потенциально опасных» заболеваний позвоночника, а также определение признаков психосоциального неблагополучия и коррекция терапии с учетом выявленных нарушений. Ведение пациентов с подострой и хронической болью (длительностью &gt;6 нед, но &lt;1 года) предполагает регулярное повторное рассмотрение правильности диагноза «неспецифическая боль в спине» с целью исключения возможных специфических причин. МРТ назначается при рассмотрении вопроса о направлении пациента на хирургическое лечение или в случаях предполагаемого опухолевого, инфекционного, воспалительного, травматического поражения позвоночника, синдроме поражения корешков конского хвоста. Оптимально начинать лечение с программы физических упражнений, мануальной терапии или акупунктуры. Лекарственная терапия включает назначение НПВП, парацетамола и опиоидов при интенсивном болевом синдроме.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>боль в пояснично-крестцовой области</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>организация помощи в Великобритании</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lumbosacral pain</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>care delivery in the United Kingdom</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rivero-Arias O, Gray A, Frost H, et al. Costutility analysis of physiotherapy treatment compared with physiotherapy advice in low back pain. Spine. 2006;31(12):1381–7. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000218486.13659.d5.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rivero-Arias O, Gray A, Frost H, et al. 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