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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/20742711-2026-4-117-121</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2910</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Sleep disorders in myasthenia gravis: clinical, pathophysiological and therapeutic aspects</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нарушения сна при миастении гравис: клинические, патофизиологические и терапевтические аспекты</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1875-3890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лунев</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lunev</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Константин Валерьевич Лунев</p><p>Кафедра неврологии и нейрохирургии с курсом ДПО </p><p>656038, Барнаул, просп. Ленина, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin Valeryevich Lunev</p><p>Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery with the Continuing Professional Education Course</p><p>40, Lenina Prosp., Barnaul 656038</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lunev-k@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9495-9500</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лунева</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luneva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>656043, Барнаул, ул. Никитина, 88</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>88, Nikitina St., Barnaul 656043</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7947-4529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смагина</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smagina</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра неврологии и нейрохирургии с курсом ДПО </p><p>656038, Барнаул, просп. Ленина, 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery with the Continuing Professional Education Course</p><p>40, Lenina Prosp., Barnaul 656038</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Алтайский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Altai State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «ПРОФИМЕД», Сибирский медицинский центр</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>PROFIMED LLC, Siberian Medical Center</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>117</fpage><lpage>121</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Lunev K.V., Luneva E.A., Smagina I.V., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лунев К.В., Лунева Е.А., Смагина И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lunev K.V., Luneva E.A., Smagina I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2910">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2910</self-uri><abstract><p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction, the clinical burden of which is not limited to fluctuating muscle weakness. Data on the prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with MG vary considerably, which is due to the heterogeneity of clinical approaches and the limited use of objective methods for assessing sleep. At the same time, a number of studies point to specific patterns of sleep disorders in this patient group. For example, in one study, obstructive sleep apnea was detected in 36% of patients with MG, compared with the expected 15–20% in the general population. Restless legs syndrome was also detected more than twice as frequently: in 43.2% of patients with MG and in 20% of the control group. According to a recent systematic review, the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness reached 75% in some studies. The impact of treatment deserves special attention: among patients with generalized myasthenia gravis who had been receiving oral glucocorticoids (GCs) for at least one year, insomnia was observed in 23.1%.</p><p>The development of sleep disorders in MG is likely to be multifactorial. Sleep-related breathing disorders may be associated with weakness of the respiratory muscles and an increased risk of nocturnal hypoventilation and episodes of desaturation, particularly during the rapid eye movement (REM) phase. Difficulties in falling asleep and maintaining sleep may arise against a background of fatigue, anxiety and depressive disorders, and treatment, primarily with GCs. The role of immuno-inflammatory mechanisms is of interest but requires further investigation.</p><p>The aim of this review is to summarize current evidence on the clinical manifestations, possible mechanisms, diagnosis and management of sleep disorders in myasthenia gravis. Particular attention is paid to insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, restless legs syndrome, the impact of treatment and the need for active screening for sleep disorders in clinical practice.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Миастения гравис (МГ) – хроническое аутоиммунное заболевание нервно-мышечного синапса, клиническое бремя которого не ограничивается флуктуирующей мышечной слабостью. Данные о распространенности нарушений сна у пациентов с МГ существенно различаются, что связано с неоднородностью клинических подходов и ограниченным применением объективных методов оценки сна. Вместе с тем ряд исследований указывают на особенности структуры нарушений сна у этой группы пациентов. Так, в одном из исследований обструктивное апноэ сна было выявлено у 36% пациентов с МГ по сравнению с ожидаемыми 15–20% в общей популяции. Синдром беспокойных ног также выявлялся более чем в 2 раза чаще: у 43,2% пациентов с МГ и у 20% лиц контрольной группы. По данным современного систематического обзора, распространенность избыточной дневной сонливости в отдельных исследованиях достигала 75%. Отдельного внимания заслуживает влияние терапии: среди пациентов с генерализованной миастенией, получавших пероральные глюкокортикоиды (ГК) не менее 1 года, бессонница отмечалась у 23,1%.</p><p>Формирование нарушений сна при МГ, вероятно, имеет многофакторный характер. Нарушения дыхания во сне могут быть связаны со слабостью дыхательной мускулатуры и повышением риска ночной гиповентиляции и эпизодов десатурации, особенно в фазу быстрого сна. Трудности засыпания и поддержания сна могут формироваться на фоне утомляемости, тревожно-депрессивных расстройств и терапии, прежде всего ГК. Вклад иммуновоспалительных механизмов представляет интерес, но требует дальнейшего изучения.</p><p>Цель настоящего обзора – обобщить современные данные о клинических проявлениях, возможных механизмах, диагностике и коррекции нарушений сна при МГ. Особое внимание уделено инсомнии, нарушениям дыхания во сне, синдрому беспокойных ног, влиянию терапии и необходимости активного скрининга нарушений сна в клинической практике.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миастения гравис</kwd><kwd>нарушения сна</kwd><kwd>инсомния</kwd><kwd>нарушения дыхания во сне</kwd><kwd>обструктивное апноэ сна</kwd><kwd>синдром беспокойных ног</kwd><kwd>утомляемость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>myasthenia gravis</kwd><kwd>sleep disorders</kwd><kwd>insomnia</kwd><kwd>sleep-related breathing disorders</kwd><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea</kwd><kwd>restless legs syndrome</kwd><kwd>fatigue</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tannemaat MR, Huijbers MG, Verschuuren JJGM. Myasthenia gravis – Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. 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