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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2026-3-21-28</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2854</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The frequency and prognostic significance of ‘new’ behavioural signs in patients with chronic impaired consciousness</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Частота и прогностическое значение «новых» поведенческих признаков у пациентов с хроническим нарушением сознания</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4945-4005</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершина</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershina</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анна Андреевна Ершина </p><p>623702, Свердловская обл., Березовский, ул. Шиловская, 28/6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna Andreevna Ershina </p><p>28/6, Shilovskaya St., Sverdlovsk Region, Berezovsky 623702 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ershina.a@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0561-4879</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нагаев</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nagaev</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>623702, Свердловская обл., Березовский, ул. Шиловская, 28/6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>28/6, Shilovskaya St., Sverdlovsk Region, Berezovsky 623702 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-1492</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белкин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belkin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>623702, Свердловская обл., Березовский, ул. Шиловская, 28/6 </p><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>28/6, Shilovskaya St., Sverdlovsk Region, Berezovsky 623702 </p><p>3, Repina St., Ekaterinburg 620028</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7315-6741</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Набойченко</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naboychenco</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Repina St., Ekaterinburg 620028</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голуб</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golub</surname><given-names>Ya. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>190000, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Чехова, 4, литера А </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Chekhova St., Lit. A, St. Petersburg 190000 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Клиника Института Мозга»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Brain Institute Clinic</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Клиника Института Мозга», Березовский ; ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Brain Institute Clinic ; Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health&#13;
of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт физической культуры»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Research Institute of Physical Culture</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>28</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ershina А.А., Nagaev N.S., Belkin A.A., Naboychenco E.S., Golub Y.V., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ершина А.А., Нагаев Н.С., Белкин А.А., Набойченко Е.С., Голуб Я.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ershina А.А., Nagaev N.S., Belkin A.A., Naboychenco E.S., Golub Y.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2854">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2854</self-uri><abstract><p>One of the challenges encountered during the diagnostic assessment of patients with chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC) is determining the prognosis for a return to higher levels of consciousness. This situation has prompted new research aimed at identifying additional predictors of the outcome of DOC. This article describes cases in which patients in this group exhibited new behavioural signs (NBS), such as facial reaction to stimulation, subtle motor reactions, and crossing of the legs. The signs under consideration are not currently included in the diagnostic criteria of scales designed to assess the level of consciousness.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to determine the incidence of NBS in patients with DOC and its significance for the prognosis of recovery of consciousness.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 44 patients with DOC (of traumatic and non-traumatic origin) who were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Brain Institute Clinic rehabilitation center between 2023 and 2025. The time elapsed since brain injury at the time of admission was 123.02±24.82 days. The Coma Recovery Scale – Revised (CRS-R) was used to assess the level of impaired consciousness.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Analysis of the CRS-R scale data obtained from the study groups indicates that an improvement in the level of consciousness was observed in both groups. In the group of patients without NBS, the mean score on admission was 8.36±3.46; on discharge, it was 9.04±3.55. In the group of patients with NBS, the mean score on admission was 8.00±2.73, and at the end of hospitalisation – 11.06±3.54. The most common symptom was ‘Subtle motor reactions’ – 15 cases out of 22. In 10 patients, the second group of manifestations was recorded – ‘Facial reaction to stimulation’. The smallest group consisted of the sign ‘Crossing of the legs’ – recorded in two cases (only in combination with other signs). There were noticeable transitions to higher levels of consciousness in patients with recorded NBS – a state of minimal consciousness ‘plus’, as well as the subsequent return to clear consciousness in patients (the number of cases was three times higher than the number of similar recorded cases in the control group).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The high reproducibility of ‘new’ behavioural response patterns in patients with initially different levels of consciousness (unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, ‘minus’ minimal consciousness, and ‘plus’ minimal consciousness) suggests that these patterns may be considered as predictors of a positive recovery outcome.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Одной из трудностей, возникающих при диагностическом осмотре пациентов с хроническим нарушением сознания (ХНС), является определение дальнейшего прогноза повышения уровня сознания. Это обстоятельство мотивирует на новые исследования с целью поиска дополнительных предикторов прогноза исхода ХНС. В настоящей статье описаны случаи проявления у пациентов данной группы «новых» поведенческих признаков (НПП), таких как мимическая реакция на раздражители, тонкие моторные реакции, перекрещивание ног. Рассматриваемые признаки не включены на данный момент в диагностический спектр шкал, предназначенных для оценки уровня сознания.</p><p>Цель исследования – установить частоту случаев проявлений НПП среди пациентов с ХНС и их значение для прогноза восстановления уровня сознания.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование включено 44 пациента с ХНС (травматического и нетравматического генеза), госпитализированных в отделение реанимации и интенсивной терапии реабилитационного центра Клиники Института Мозга в период с 2023 по 2025 г. Срок после повреждения головного мозга на момент поступления составлял 123,02±24,82 сут. Для оценки статуса нарушения сознания использовалась Шкала восстановления после комы, пересмотренная (Coma Recovery Scale – Revised, CRS-R).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ полученных данных по шкале CRS-R в исследуемых группах свидетельствует о том, что в обеих групп отмечается динамика повышения уровня сознания. В группе пациентов без НПП (n=22) средний балл при поступлении составил 8,36±3,46; при выписке – 9,04±3,55. В группе пациентов с НПП (n=22) при поступлении средний балл составлял 8,00±2,73, на момент окончания госпитализации – 11,06 ±3,54. Наиболее встречающимся признаком стали «Тонкие моторные реакции» – 15 случаев из 22. У 10 пациентов регистрировалась вторая группа проявлений – «Мимическая реакция на раздражитель». Наименьшую группу составил признак «Перекрещивание ног» – зарегистрирован в двух случаях (только в сочетании с другими признаками). Заметны переходы на более высокие уровни сознания у пациентов с регистрируемыми НПП – состояние минимального сознания «плюс», а также последующий выход пациентов в ясное сознание (число случаев в 3 раза превышает число подобных зарегистрированных случаев в контрольной группе).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Высокий показатель воспроизводимости «новых» признаков поведенческого реагирования у пациентов с изначально разными уровнями сознания (синдром ареактивного бодрствования, состояние минимального сознания «минус», состояние минимального сознания «плюс») указывает на возможность их рассмотрения в качестве предикторов положительного исхода восстановления.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническое нарушение сознания</kwd><kwd>вегетативное состояние</kwd><kwd>состояние минимального сознания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic disorder of consciousness</kwd><kwd>vegetative state</kwd><kwd>minimally conscious state</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пирадов МА, Баулин ИС, Кремнева ЕС и др. Хронические нарушения сознания. Под ред. акад. РАН М.А. Пирадова. 2-е изд., перераб. и доп. 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