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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2026-3-14-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2853</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Синдром обструктивного апноэ сна и болезнь Альцгеймера</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2645-5842</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брсикян</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Brsikian</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лусине Арамайисовна Брсикян </p><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lusine Aramayisovna Brsikian </p><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow, 125367 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lusine-7@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6381-2925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брутян</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Broutian</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow, 125367 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8070-7644</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федотова</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedotova</surname><given-names>E. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow, 125367 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-6282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иллариошкин</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarioshkin</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow, 125367 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Сenter of Neurology and Neurosciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Brsikian L.A., Broutian A.G., Fedotova E.Y., Illarioshkin S.N., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Брсикян Л.А., Брутян А.Г., Федотова Е.Ю., Иллариошкин С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Brsikian L.A., Broutian A.G., Fedotova E.Y., Illarioshkin S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2853">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2853</self-uri><abstract><p>Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease, obesity and other conditions. Recent evidence has emerged regarding the impact of OSA on cognitive function and the severity of cognitive impairment, including in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the prevalence of OSA in patients with asthma and its impact on the severity of cognitive impairment.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A study was conducted involving 47 participants: 25 patients with the amnestic variant of AD (8 men and 17 women; mean age – 71.0 [65.0; 74.0] years) and 22 cognitively intact volunteers (6 men and 16 women; mean age – 60.0 [57.25; 62.5] years). All participants underwent a review of their complaints and anamnesis, neuropsychological testing using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-III (ACE-III), a subjective sleep assessment, and polysomnography.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In patients with AD, OSA and excessive daytime sleepiness are significantly more common than in the control group (p=0.027). A statistically significant reduction in total scores on the MoCA and ACE-III scales was observed in the presence of OSA, with a more pronounced reduction in severe cases. A higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) is frequently observed in individuals with excessive daytime sleepiness (p=0.033) and in the group of patients complaining of various manifestations of sleep disturbance (p=0.020), in particular early awakening (p=0.013). With an AHI of 15 episodes per hour, excessive daytime sleepiness was more frequently detected and a lower cognitive status was noted based on the total scores of the MoCA and ACE-III scales. Correlation analysis revealed that an increase in AHI is associated with a deterioration in cognitive status, a reduction in total sleep time and sleep efficiency, the duration of stage 3 sleep (deep sleep), and an increase in sleep latency, wake time after sleep onset, the duration of stages 1 and 2 sleep (light sleep), the number and index of microarousals, and the desaturation index.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. OSA was diagnosed in 76% of patients with AD, whereas in the control group it was found in only 36.3% of individuals. As the severity of OSA increases, a deterioration in cognitive function is observed.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Синдром обструктивного апноэ сна (СОАС) является фактором риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, ожирения и других состояний. В последнее время появляются данные о влиянии СОАС на когнитивные функции и выраженность когнитивного дефицита, в том числе при болезни Альцгеймера (БА).</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить встречаемость СОАС у пациентов с БА и его влияние на степень выраженности когнитивного дефицита.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено исследование с участием 47 человек: 25 пациентов с амнестическим вариантом БА (8 мужчин и 17 женщин; средний возраст – 71,0 [65,0; 74,0] года) и 22 когнитивно сохранных добровольца (6 мужчин и 16 женщин; средний возраст – 60,0 [57,25; 62,5] года). У всех участников были проведены сбор жалоб и анамнеза, нейропсихологическое тестирование по Монреальской когнитивной шкале (MoCA) и Адденбрукской шкале оценки когнитивных функций (ACE-III), тестирование для субъективной оценки сна, полисомнография.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При БА СОАС и избыточная дневная сонливость встречаются значительно чаще, чем в контрольной группе (р=0,027). Статистически значимое снижение суммарных баллов по шкалам MoCA и ACE-III выявлено при наличии СОАС, более выраженное – при тяжелой степени. Более высокий индекс апноэ/гипопноэ (ИАГ) часто встречается у лиц с избыточной дневной сонливостью (р=0,033) и в группе пациентов, предъявляющих жалобы на различные проявления нарушенного сна (р=0,020), в частности на раннее пробуждение (р=0,013). При ИАГ ≥15 эпизодов в час чаще выявлялась избыточная дневная сонливость и отмечался более сниженный когнитивный статус по суммарным баллам шкал MoCA и ACE-III. По данным корреляционного анализа было выявлено, что при увеличении ИАГ отмечаются ухудшение когнитивного статуса, снижение общего времени и эффективности сна, длительности 3-й стадии сна (глубокого сна) и увеличение латентности сна, времени бодрствования после начала сна, длительности 1-й и 2-й стадий сна (неглубокого сна), числа и индекса микроактиваций, индекса десатураций.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. СОАС был выявлен у 76% пациентов с БА, в то время как в контрольной группе – лишь у 36,3% лиц. При усилении степени выраженности СОАС отмечается ухудшение когнитивного статуса.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>синдром обструктивного апноэ сна</kwd><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>индекс апноэ/гипопноэ</kwd><kwd>полисомнография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>obstructive sleep apnea syndrome</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd><kwd>apnea-hypopnea index</kwd><kwd>polysomnography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Darien IL. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. International classification of sleep disorders. 3rd ed. 2014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Darien IL. American Academy of Sleep Medicine. 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