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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2026-2-11-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2810</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Transcranial direct current stimulation for Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial (with a sham control)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Транскраниальная стимуляция постоянным током при болезни Паркинсона: рандомизированное контролируемое исследование (с имитацией метода)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6928-2355</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бордовский</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bordovsky</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Петрович Бордовский</p><p>Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского; кафедра нервных болезне</p><p>119021; ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Petrovich Bordovsky</p><p>N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; Department of Nervous Diseases</p><p>119021; 11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sbordoche@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9734-7606</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт когнитивных нейронаук; Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований</p><p>101000; Кривоколенный пер., 3; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience; Centre for Cognition and Decision Making</p><p>101000; 3, Krivokolenniy Lane; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4971-9651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муртазина</surname><given-names>Р. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murtazina</surname><given-names>R. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского; кафедра нервных болезней</p><p>119021; ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; Department of Nervous Diseases</p><p>119021; 11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7816-2300</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Меинова</surname><given-names>Т. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meinova</surname><given-names>T. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского; кафедра нервных болезней</p><p>119021; ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; Department of Nervous Diseases</p><p>119021; 11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1951-2625</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таранова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taranova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского; кафедра нервных болезней</p><p>119021; ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; Department of Nervous Diseases</p><p>119021; 11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зинченко</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zinchenko</surname><given-names>O. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт когнитивных нейронаук; Центр нейроэкономики и когнитивных исследований</p><p>101000; Кривоколенный пер., 3; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience; Centre for Cognition and Decision Making</p><p>101000; 3, Krivokolenniy Lane; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9228-5108</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевцова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevtsova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского; кафедра нервных болезней</p><p>119021; ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; Department of Nervous Diseases</p><p>119021; 11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1992-7960</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парфенов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parfenov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского; кафедра нервных болезней</p><p>119021; ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine; Department of Nervous Diseases</p><p>119021; 11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский университет&#13;
«Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Bordovsky S.P., Andreev S.S., Murtazina R.T., Meinova T.O., Taranova A.D., Zinchenko O.O., Shevtsova K.V., Parfenov V.A., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бордовский С.П., Андреев С.С., Муртазина Р.Т., Меинова Т.О., Таранова А.Д., Зинченко О.О., Шевцова К.В., Парфенов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bordovsky S.P., Andreev S.S., Murtazina R.T., Meinova T.O., Taranova A.D., Zinchenko O.O., Shevtsova K.V., Parfenov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2810">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2810</self-uri><abstract><p>   Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the primary motor cortex is being discussed as an adjunct to therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD). The effectiveness of tDCS in PD remains controversial, and there are no data evaluating the efficacy and safety of tDCS in PD in our country.</p><sec><title>   Objective</title><p>   Objective: to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a course of anodal tDCS applied to the primary motor cortex as part of a comprehensive treatment regimen for patients with stage II–III PD according to the Hoehn and Yahr scale, including its effects on motor, cognitive and affective symptoms, as well as the safety and tolerability of the method.</p></sec><sec><title>   Material and methods</title><p>   Material and methods. A prospective, randomised, controlled trial was conducted involving 46 patients with idiopathic PD (25 men and 21 women; mean age 63.9 ± 11.2 years). The main group (n = 24) received 10 sessions of anodal tDCS to the M1 region (2 mA, 20 min, daily, for 2 weeks), whilst the control group (n = 22) received sham stimulation. The following parameters were assessed before and after the course: motor (Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale – UPDRS; Activity of Daily Living – ADL), cognitive (Montreal Cognitive Assessment – MoCA; Frontal Assessment Battery – FAB; Trail Making Test, Parts A and B – TMT-A, TMT-B; Cue Sensitivity Index of the free recall test with selective cues – CSI) and affective (Starkstein Apathy Scale; Geriatric Depression Scale – GDS; State-Trait Anxiety Inventory – STAI).</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. After covariate adjustment, a statistically significant between-group advantage of active tDCS was found for 8 of 11 assessed outcomes: UPDRS-III (d = -0.49; p &lt; 0.01), ADL (d = -0.59; p = 0.016), apathy (d = -1.07; p &lt; 0.01), depression according to GDS (d = -0.63; p = 0.013), trait anxiety according to STAI (d = -0.67; p = 0.018), state anxiety according to STAI (d = -0.58; p = 0.041), TMT-A (d = -1.00; p = 0.025), and MoCA (d = 0.52; p = 0.024). The most pronounced effects were observed for apathy and TMT-A. No statistically significant between-group differences after adjustment were found for TMT-B (d = -0.39; p = 0.188), FAB (d = -0.25; p = 0.095), and CSI (d = 0.34; p = 0.29). No serious adverse events were recorded throughout the study period.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the primary motor cortex has a high safety profile and may be considered as an adjunctive method in the comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with stage II–III PD, with the most pronounced effects observed in the affective domain and in terms of cognitive processing speed.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>   Транскраниальная стимуляция постоянным током (ТСПТ) первичной моторной коры обсуждается как дополнение к терапии при болезни Паркинсона (БП). Эффективность ТСПТ при БП остается дискуссионной, нет данных по оценке эффективности и безопасности ТСПТ при БП в нашей стране.</p><p>   Цель исследования – оценить клиническую эффективность курсовой анодной ТСПТ первичной моторной коры в составе комплексной терапии у пациентов с БП II–III стадии по Хен и Яру, включая влияние на моторные, когнитивные и аффективные симптомы, а также безопасность и переносимость метода.</p><sec><title>   Материал и методы</title><p>   Материал и методы. Проведено проспективное рандомизированное контролируемое исследование с участием 46 пациентов с идиопатической БП (25 мужчин и 21 женщина; средний возраст – 63,9 ± 11,2 года). Основная группа (n = 24) получала 10 сеансов анодной ТСПТ области M1 (2 мА, 20 мин, ежедневно, 2 нед), контрольная группа (n = 22) – имитационную стимуляцию (SHAM). До и после курса оценивали следующие показатели: моторные (Унифицированная шкала оценки болезни Паркинсона – УШОБП; Шкала повседневной активности – Activity of Daily Living, ADL), когнитивные (Монреальская шкала когнитивной оценки – Montreal cognitive assessment, MoCA; батарея лобной дисфункции – БЛД; тесты прохождения пути, части А и В – Trail Making Test, TMT-A, TMT-B; индекс чувствительности к подсказкам теста свободного припоминания с выборочными подсказками – ИЧП) и аффективные (шкала апатии Starkstein; Гериатрическая шкала депрессии – ГШД; Шкала тревоги Спилбергера–Ханина – State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI).</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. После коррекции на ковариаты статистически значимое межгрупповое преимущество активной ТСПТ выявлено по 8 из 11 оцененных показателей: УШОБП-III (d = -0,49; p &lt; 0,01), ADL (d = -0,59; p = 0,016), апатии (d = -1,07; p &lt; 0,01), депрессии по ГШД (d = -0,63; p = 0,013), личностной тревожности по STAI (d = -0,67; p = 0,018), ситуативной тревожности по STAI (d = -0,58; p = 0,041), TMT-A (d = -1,00; p = 0,025) и MoCA (d = 0,52; p = 0,024). Наиболее выраженные эффекты отмечены в отношении апатии и TMT-A. Для TMT-B (d = -0,39; p = 0,188), БЛД (d = -0,25; p = 0,095) и ИЧП (d = 0,34; p = 0,29) статистически значимых межгрупповых различий после коррекции не получено. Серьезных нежелательных явлений за весь период исследования не зарегистрировано.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Курсовая анодная ТСПТ первичной моторной коры имеет высокий профиль безопасности и может рассматриваться как дополнительный метод комплексной реабилитации пациентов с БП II–III стадии, оказывая наиболее выраженный эффект в аффективном домене и по показателю скорости когнитивной обработки.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Паркинсона</kwd><kwd>транскраниальная стимуляция постоянным током</kwd><kwd>нейромодуляция</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>апатия</kwd><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>тревожность</kwd><kwd>УШОБП</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Parkinson's disease</kwd><kwd>transcranial direct current stimulation</kwd><kwd>tDCS</kwd><kwd>neuromodulation</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>apathy</kwd><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>UPDRS</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The investigation has not been sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Luo Y, Qiao L, Li M, et al. 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