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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2026-1-41-48</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2774</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cognitive impairment and functional state of the vascular wall in middle-aged men with arterial hypertension</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Когнитивные нарушения и функциональное состояние сосудистой стенки у мужчин среднего возраста с артериальной гипертензией</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2143-1806</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черноусов</surname><given-names>П. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernousov</surname><given-names>P. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Андреевич Черноусов</p><p>119991; ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel Andreevich Chernousov</p><p>119991; 8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pavelchernousov85@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-3264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991; ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8939-0716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исайкина</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaykina</surname><given-names>O. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>101000; Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>101990; 10, Petroverigsky Lane, Build. 3; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-8959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королев</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolev</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>101000; Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>101990; 10, Petroverigsky Lane, Build. 3; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6292-3837</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чащин</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chashchin</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>101000; Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>101990; 10, Petroverigsky Lane, Build. 3; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-4721</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вехова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vekhova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991; ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>119991; 8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский&#13;
центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>48</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Chernousov P.A., Zakharov V.V., Isaykina O.Y., Korolev A.I., Chashchin M.G., Vekhova K.A., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черноусов П.А., Захаров В.В., Исайкина О.Ю., Королев А.И., Чащин М.Г., Вехова К.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernousov P.A., Zakharov V.V., Isaykina O.Y., Korolev A.I., Chashchin M.G., Vekhova K.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2774">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2774</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Objective</title><p>   Objective: to study cognitive functions and the functional state of the vascular wall of the main arteries and microcirculation of the skin in middle-aged men with arterial hypertension (AH).</p></sec><sec><title>   Material and methods</title><p>   Material and methods. Two hundred middle-aged men were studied. Neuropsychological examination and assessment of the emotional-affective sphere were carried out using standard methods. Vascular examination was performed using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF), photoplethysmography (PPG), applanation tonometry (AT), and flow-dependent vasodilation (FDV) of the brachial artery (BA). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to visualise changes in the brain.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. Based on medical history data and office blood pressure (BP) measurements, two groups were identified: 108 men with AH (median age 51.0 [50.0; 51.0] years) and 92 without AH (median age 51.0 [50.0; 52.0] years). According to BP data, men with AH had higher arterial stiffness indices. According to PPG data, the calculated augmentation index (Alp75) was 6.8 % in the group of men with AH and 1.7 % in normotensive men (p &lt; 0.05), the reflectivity index (RI) was 32.5 % and 29.2 % (p &lt; 0.05), respectively, and the central systolic blood pressure in the proximal aorta and brachiocephalic arteries (Spa) was 134.5 and 119.5 mm Hg (p&lt;0.0001), respectively; at the same time, the saturation index (SpO2) was higher in men without AH – 94.9 % vs. 94.4 % in men with AH (p &lt; 0.05). According to LDF data, no significant intergroup differences were found at the level of precapillary arterioles. According to FDV BA data, men with AH more often had vasodilator endothelial dysfunction (df = 1; χ2 = 6.19; p &lt; 0.05). According to the results of neuropsychological testing, men with AH had lower Mini-mental StateExamination scores (28.5 vs. 29 in men without AH; p &lt; 0.05) and on the Benton Visual Retention Test (13 vs. 14 in men without AH; p &lt; 0.05). According to brain MRI data, men with AH had grade I Fazekas scale white matter hyperintensity in 45 % of cases and grade II in 21 %. Also, among men with AH, enlargement of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces was significantly more common (df = 1; χ2 = 4.8; p &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. The first comprehensive study of the functional state of the vascular wall of the main arteries, skin microvessels and cognitive function in middle-aged men demonstrates greater stiffness of large arteries, indicating higher vascular stiffness and smooth muscle cell tone in terminal muscle arteries and distributive arterioles in men with hypertension than in men with normal blood pressure. Endothelial vasodilator dysfunction is more common among men with AH. Men with AH also have lower cognitive scores, mainly in the domain of visual memory.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>   Цель исследования – изучить когнитивные функции и функциональное состояние сосудистой стенки магистральных артерий и микроциркуляторного русла кожи у мужчин среднего возраста с артериальной гипертензией (АГ).</p><sec><title>   Материал и методы</title><p>   Материал и методы. Обследованы 200 мужчин среднего возраста. Нейропсихологическое исследование и оценка эмоционально-аффективной сферы проводились по стандартным методикам. Исследование сосудов выполнялось с помощью лазерной допплеровской флоуметрии (ЛДФ), фотоплетизмографии (ФПГ), аппланационной тонометрии (АТ), а также поток-зависимой вазодилатации (ПЗВД) плечевой артерии (ПА). Для визуализации изменений головного мозга проводилась магнитно-резонансная томография (МРТ).</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. На основании данных анамнеза и результатов офисного измерения артериального давления (АД) были выделены две группы: 108 мужчин с АГ (медиана возраста 51,0 [50,0; 51,0] года) и 92 – без АГ (медиана возраста 51,0 [50,0; 52,0] года). По данным АТ мужчины с АГ отличались более высокими показателями жесткости магистральных артерий. По данным ФПГ расчетный индекс аугментации (Alp75) составил 6,8 % в группе мужчин с АГ и 1,7 % – у мужчин с нормальным АД (p &lt; 0,05), индекс отражения (RI) – 32,5 % и 29,2 % (p &lt; 0,05), центральное систолическое АД в проксимальном отделе аорты и брахиоцефальных артерий (Spa) составило 134,5 и 119,5 мм рт. ст. (p &lt; 0,0001) соответственно; в то же время показатель сатурации (SpO2) был выше у мужчин без АГ – 94,9 % vs 94,4 % у мужчин с АГ (p &lt; 0,05). По данным ЛДФ, значимых межгрупповых различий на уровне прекапиллярных артериол не получено. По данным ПЗВД ПА, у мужчин с АГ чаще регистрировалась вазодилататорная дисфункция эндотелия (df = 1; χ2 = 6,19; p &lt; 0,05). По результатам нейропсихологического тестирования, мужчины с АГ имели более низкие баллы по данным Краткой шкалы оценки психического статуса (28,5 vs 29 у мужчин без АГ; p &lt; 0,05) и в тесте на зрительную память Бентона (13 vs 14 у мужчин без АГ; p &lt; 0,05). По данным МРТ головного мозга у мужчин с АГ гиперинтенсинвость белого вещества головного мозга I степени по шкале Fazekas была распространена в 45 % случаев, II степени – в 21 %. Также среди мужчин с АГ значимо чаще регистрировались расширения ликворных пространств (df = 1; χ2=4,8; p &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Впервые проведенное комплексное изучение функционального состояния сосудистой стенки магистральных артерий, микрососудов кожи и исследование когнитивных функций у мужчин в среднем возрасте демонстрируют большую жесткость крупных артерий, свидетельствуют о более высоких показателях сосудистой жесткости и тонусе гладкомышечных клеток терминальных мышечных артерий и распределительных артериол у мужчин с АГ, чем у мужчин с нормальным АД. Среди мужчин с АГ чаще отмечается вазодилататорная дисфункция эндотелия. Также мужчины с АГ характеризуются более низкими когнитивными показателями, главным образом в домене памяти зрительной модальности.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>аппланационная тонометрия</kwd><kwd>фотоплетизмография</kwd><kwd>лазерная допплеровская флоуметрия</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>сосудистая жесткость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>applanation tonometry</kwd><kwd>photoplethysmography</kwd><kwd>laser Doppler flowmetry</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>vascular stiffness</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The investigation has not been sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fisher TJ, Schwartz AC, Greenspan HN, Heinrich TW. 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