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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2025-6-99-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2744</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Subjective cognitive impairment as a manifestation of Alzheimer's disease or emotional disorders</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Субъективные когнитивные нарушения как проявление болезни Альцгеймера или эмоциональных расстройств</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2424-3245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришина</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishina</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Динара Александровна Гришина - Кафедра нервных болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н. В. Склифосовского.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dinara Aleksandrovna Grishina - Department of Nervous Diseases, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine.</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dstepkina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-6244</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Локшина</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lokshina</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н. В. Склифосовского.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9565-7429</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Метелкина</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Metelkina</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней Института клинической медицины им. Н. В. Склифосовского.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Grishina D.A., Lokshina A.B., Metelkina E.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гришина Д.А., Локшина А.Б., Метелкина Е.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grishina D.A., Lokshina A.B., Metelkina E.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2744">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2744</self-uri><abstract><p>Cognitive impairment (CI) is one of the most common types of neurological disorders and a frequent cause of disability. However, in 20–30% of patients who visit specialized centers (memory clinics) with cognitive complaints, no abnormalities are detected in extended neuropsychological testing. This condition is referred to as subjective cognitive impairment (SCI). According to international studies, SCI in older adults may be a predictor of clinically significant CI in the future, up to and including the development of dementia. We present our own observations of two patients with SCI who, despite subjective complaints of memory loss and a family history of Alzheimer's disease (AD), did not show any clinically significant deviations from the norm in an extended neuropsychological examination. Both patients had emotional disturbances (anxiety). The first patient with SCI had positive biological markers of AD in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which allowed her condition to be classified as SCI with Alzheimer's pathological changes. In another observation, no positive biomarkers were found, which allowed SCI to be diagnosed against a background of emotional disorders (severe anxiety). A number of studies have shown that cognitive complaints in the absence of objective cognitive decline are often explained by the presence of emotional disorders (anxiety and depression). However, on the one hand, emotional disorders are the cause of SCI, and on the other hand, their presence in patients with SCI may be a reflection of cognitive decline and a consequence of an incipient degenerative process in the brain. Issues related to the management of patients with SCI based on non-pharmacological methods are discussed. In our country, nootropic agents are widely used to treat patients with CI. Data on the use of Prospekta in vascular CI are analyzed, highlighting its efficiency and safety based on the results multicenter placebo-controlled trials.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Когнитивные нарушения (КН) являются одними из самых распространенных видов неврологических нарушений, а также частой причиной инвалидности. Однако у 20–30% пациентов, обращающихся с жалобами на снижение когнитивных функций (КФ) в специализированные центры (клиники памяти), не выявляется отклонений от нормы по данным расширенного нейропсихологического обследования. Это состояние обозначается как субъективные когнитивные нарушения (СКН). По данным международных исследований, СКН в пожилом возрасте могут быть предиктором развития клинически значимых КН в будущем, вплоть до деменции. Представлены собственные наблюдения двух пациенток с СКН, у которых при наличии субъективных жалоб на снижение памяти и наследственной отягощенности по болезни Альцгеймера (БА) при расширенном нейропсихологическом обследовании не было выявлено клинически значимых отклонений от нормы. У обеих пациенток отмечались эмоциональные нарушения (тревога). У первой пациентки с СКН выявлены положительные биологические маркеры БА в цереброспинальной жидкости, что позволило расценить ее состояние как СКН с альцгеймеровскими патологическими изменениями, в другом наблюдении не обнаружено положительных биомаркеров, что позволило диагностировать СКН на фоне эмоциональных нарушений (выраженной тревоги). Показано, что когнитивные жалобы при отсутствии объективного когнитивного снижения часто объясняют наличием эмоциональных нарушений (тревоги и депрессии). Однако, с одной стороны, эмоциональные расстройства выступают в качестве причины СКН, а с другой – их наличие у пациентов с СКН может являться отражением когнитивного снижения и быть следствием начинающегося дегенеративного процесса в головном мозге. Обсуждаются вопросы ведения пациентов с СКН, которое основано на нелекарственных методах. В нашей стране при ведении пациентов с КН широко используются ноотропные средства. Анализируются данные об использовании препарата Проспекта при сосудистых КН, отмечаются эффективность и безопасность препарата по результатам многоцентровых плацебоконтролируемых исследований.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>субъективные когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>Проспекта</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>subjective cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd><kwd>Prospekta</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья спонсируется компанией ООО «НПФ «МАТЕРИА МЕДИКА ХОЛДИНГ»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The article is sponsored by Materia Medica Holding</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. 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