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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/20742711-2025-6-54-60</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2738</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Semaglutide slows the progression of cognitive impairment and pathological changes in the hippocampus in a model of Alzheimer's disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Семаглутид замедляет прогрессирование когнитивных нарушений и патологических изменений в гиппокампе на модели болезни Альцгеймера</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5653-5524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павлова</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlova</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анастасия Кирилловна Павлова</p><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia Kirillovna Pavlova</p><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., 125367 Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pav_nastasya@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8689-0934</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ставровская</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stavrovskaya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., 125367 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5222-5322</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронков</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkov</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., 125367 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-8032</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанский</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olshansky</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., 125367 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7471-3738</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потапов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potapov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., 125367 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6349-6566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романенко</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanenko</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., 125367 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0552-6939</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сухоруков</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sukhorukov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., 125367 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2704-6282</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иллариошкин</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Illarioshkin</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., 125367 Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Российский центр неврологии и нейронаук»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Center of Neurology and Neuroscience</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>54</fpage><lpage>60</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Pavlova A.K., Stavrovskaya A.V., Voronkov D.N., Olshansky A.S., Potapov I.A., Romanenko A.S., Sukhorukov V.S., Illarioshkin S.N., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Павлова А.К., Ставровская А.В., Воронков Д.Н., Ольшанский А.С., Потапов И.А., Романенко А.С., Сухоруков В.С., Иллариошкин С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pavlova A.K., Stavrovskaya A.V., Voronkov D.N., Olshansky A.S., Potapov I.A., Romanenko A.S., Sukhorukov V.S., Illarioshkin S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2738">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2738</self-uri><abstract><p>Currently, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are considered promising drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases due to their complex mechanism of action, which includes (in addition to general somatic effects) an impact on neuroplasticity. This necessitates a detailed study of drugs in this group using appropriate informative experimental models.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to characterise the effect of semaglutide, one of the main representatives of the GLP-1RAs class, on the development of neurodegenerative processes in the hippocampus and cognitive impairments in animals with a streptozocin (STZ) model of AD.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Streptozocin at a dose of 3 mg/kg was administered into the lateral ventricles of Wistar rats, and semaglutide at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg was administered intraperitoneally (every other day for 5 weeks). The behaviour of the animals was assessed in the ‘Novel Object Recognition’ and ‘T-Maze’ tests. Nine weeks after discontinuation of the drug, immunomorphological methods were used to determine the effect of semaglutide on neurodegenerative processes in the CA3 field of the hippocampus.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Streptozocin caused impaired recognition of a new object and increased the latency period for entering the closed arm of the T-maze, as well as leading to tau protein accumulation and mitochondrial and synaptic abnormalities in the CA3 field of the hippocampus. Semaglutide significantly attenuated streptozocin-induced memory impairment and depression-like behaviour and improved morphological indicators of synaptic integrity (based on the detection of synaptophysin and PSD95 proteins) neuronal energy metabolism (as determined by the detection of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation enzymes), and reduced tau protein phosphorylation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In a model of sporadic AD, semaglutide has been shown to attenuate cognitive impairment in laboratory animals and reduce the severity of morphological abnormalities in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, with the neuroprotective effect of the drug persisting after discontinuation of therapy.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящее время агонисты рецептора глюкагоноподобного пептида-1 (АР-ГПП-1) в связи с их комплексным механизмом действия, включающим (помимо общесоматических эффектов) влияние на нейропластичность, рассматриваются как перспективные препараты для лечения болезни Альцгеймера (БА) и других нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Это обусловливает необходимость детального изучения препаратов данной группы на соответствующих информативных экспериментальных моделях.</p><p>Цель исследования – охарактеризовать влияние семаглутида, одного из основных представителей класса АР-ГПП-1, на развитие нейродегенеративных процессов в гиппокампе и когнитивных нарушений у животных со стрептозоциновой моделью БА.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Стрептозоцин в дозе 3 мг/кг вводили в боковые желудочки мозга крыс Wistar, а семаглутид в дозе 0,1 мг/кг – внутрибрюшинно (через день в течение 5 нед). Поведение животных оценивали в тестах «Распознавание нового объекта» и «Т-образный лабиринт». Через 9 нед после отмены препарата иммуноморфологическими методами выявляли влияние семаглутида на нейродегенеративные процессы в поле СА3 гиппокампа.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Стрептозоцин вызывал ухудшение распознавания нового объекта и увеличение латентного периода захода в закрытый рукав Т-лабиринта, а также приводил к накоплению тау-белка, митохондриальным и синаптическим нарушениям в поле СА3 гиппокампа. Семаглутид значительно ослаблял вызываемое стрептозоцином нарушение памяти и депрессивно-подобное состояние и улучшал морфологические показатели целостности синапсов (по выявлению белков синаптофизина и PSD95), энергетического метаболизма нейронов (по выявлению ферментов гликолиза и оксилительного фосфорилирования), а также снижал фосфорилирование тау-белка.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. На модели спорадической БА показано, что семаглутид ослабляет нарушения когнитивных функций у лабораторных животных, а также уменьшает выраженность морфологических нарушений в поле СА3 гиппокампа, причем нейропротекторный эффект препарата сохраняется после отмены терапии.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>cтрептозоциновая модель</kwd><kwd>cемаглутид</kwd><kwd>гиппокамп</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Alzheimer's disease</kwd><kwd>streptozocin model</kwd><kwd>semaglutide</kwd><kwd>hippocampus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при поддержке гранта Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ на проведение крупных научных проектов по приоритетным направлениям научно-технологического развития (соглашение № 075-15-2024638)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the grant from the Ministry of Higher Education and Science of the Russian Federation for conducting major scientific projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Project No. 075-15-2024-638)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheltens P, De Strooper B, Kivipelto M, et al. 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