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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2025-5-87-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2704</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Hereditary neuropathy and myasthenia under the 'mask' of post-COVID syndrome</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наследственная невропатия и миастения под «маской» постковидного синдрома</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6672-6873</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колоколов</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolokolov</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Владимирович Колоколов, Кафедра неврологии им. К.Н. Третьякова</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg Vladimirovich Kolokolov, K.N. Tretyakov Department of Neurology</p><p>112, Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov 410012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolokolov@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1394-5065</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ситкали</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sitkali</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>неврологическое отделение Университетской клинической больницы №1 им. С.Р. Миротворцева</p><p>410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>S.R. Mirotvortsev Neurological Department of the University Clinical Hospital No.1</p><p>112, Bolshaya Kazachya St., Saratov 410012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7330-633X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воскресенская</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voskresenskaya</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine</p><p>11 Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow, 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБГОУ ВО «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет им. В.И. Разумовского» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.I. Razumovsky Saratov State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>87</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kolokolov O.V., Sitkali I.V., Voskresenskaya O.N., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колоколов О.В., Ситкали И.В., Воскресенская О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolokolov O.V., Sitkali I.V., Voskresenskaya O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2704">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2704</self-uri><abstract><p>Currently, more than 200 different symptoms and signs classified as "post-COVID syndrome" (PCS) have been described, including fatigue, shortness of breath, and muscle or joint pain. There are known cases of peripheral nervous system damage associated with COVID-19, such as Guillain–Barre syndrome, Parsonage–Turner syndrome, critical condition polyneuropathy, and others. The SARS-CoV-2 virus can damage not only the nervous system but also muscle tissue, as evidenced by reports of rhabdomyolysis and myositis in patients with COVID-19. Manifestations of peripheral nervous system and muscle pathology that arose during the acute phase of the disease may be observed for several months as part of PCS. However, if any symptoms persist for more than a year after COVID-19, alternative diagnostic options to PCS should be considered, since there is no information on the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the human body for more than 4 months or the chronic course of COVID-19. Various independent nosologies, including hereditary neuropathy and myasthenia, may be hidden under the 'mask' of the PCS diagnosis. COVID-19, as a severe acute infectious disease, may act as a trigger for the onset or progression of these diseases; coincidental comorbidity is also possible. A case report of patients with hereditary neuropathy and myasthenia, presenting under the “mask” of PCS, is presented. A thorough analysis of clinical, genealogical, and neurophysiological data, combined with the results of whole-genome sequencing, allowed for the diagnosis of distal hereditary motor neuropathy associated with a mutation in the GARS1 gene (7p14.3) (type V), with an autosomal domi- nant inheritance pattern (familial case), clinically manifesting as peripheral distal tetraparesis with mild gait impairment. Information collected in a timely manner in accordance with diagnostic criteria ensured successful surgical intervention for thymolipoma in patients with generalized myasthenia, seronegative, thymus-dependent, involving the oropharyngeal and axial muscles, without disruption of swallowing or breathing. Early detection of conditions masquerading as PCS allowed for adequate treatment, preventing progression and severe outcomes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В настоящее время описано более 200 различных симптомов и признаков, которые относят к «постковидному синдрому» (ПКС), среди них: усталость, одышка, боль в мышцах или суставах. Известны случаи поражения периферической нервной системы, ассоциированные с COVID-19, такие как синдром Гийена–Барре, синдром Парсонейджа–Тернера, полиневропатия критических состояний и др. Вирус SARS-CoV-2 может повреждать не только нервную систему, но и мышечную ткань, что подтверждают описания рабдомиолиза и миозита у пациентов с COVID-19. Проявления патологии периферической нервной системы и мышц, возникшие в острый период заболевания, могут отмечаться на протяжении нескольких месяцев в рамках ПКС. Но при сохранении любых симптомов более года после перенесенного COVID-19 необходимо рассмотреть диагностические версии, альтернативные ПКС, поскольку сведений о персистенции в организме человека SARS-CoV-2 более 4 мес и хроническом течении COVID-19 не получено. Под «маской» диагноза ПКС могут скрываться различные самостоятельные нозологии, включая наследственную невропатию и миастению. COVID-19, как тяжелое острое инфекционное заболевание, может выступать триггером, провоцирующим дебют или прогрессирование этих заболеваний; возможна и случайная коморбидность. Представлено наблюдение пациентов с наследственной невропатией и миастений, которые протекали под «маской» ПКС. Тщательный анализ клинических, генеалогических и нейрофизиологических данных в совокупности с результатами полногеномного секвенирования позволил диагностировать дистальную наследственную моторную невропатию, ассоциированную с мутацией гена GARS1 (7p14.3) (тип V), с аутосомно-доминантным типом наследования (семейный случай), клинически проявившуюся периферическим дистальным тетрапарезом с незначительным нарушением функции ходьбы. Своевременно собранные в соответствии с диагностическими критериями сведения обеспечили успешное хирургическое вмешательство по поводу тимолипомы при генерализованной миастении, серонегативной, тимусзависимой, с вовлечением орофарингеальной и аксиальной мускулатуры, без нарушения функции глотания и дыхания. Выявление на ранних стадиях заболеваний, протекающих под «маской» ПКС, позволило обеспечить адекватное лечение, профилактику прогрессирования и тяжелых исходов.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постковидный синдром</kwd><kwd>нервно-мышечные заболевания</kwd><kwd>наследственная невропатия</kwd><kwd>дистальная наследственная моторная невропатия</kwd><kwd>мутация гена GARS1 (7p14.3)</kwd><kwd>миастения</kwd><kwd>генерализованная миастения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>post-COVID syndrome</kwd><kwd>neuromuscular diseases</kwd><kwd>hereditary neuropathy</kwd><kwd>distal hereditary motor neuropathy</kwd><kwd>GARS1 gene mutation (7p14.3)</kwd><kwd>myasthenia</kwd><kwd>generalised myasthenia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mao L, Jin H, Wang M, at al. 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