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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2025-5-75-80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2702</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The impact of stress and cognitive impairment on mortality in individuals aged 55 and older: data from a population-based study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Влияние стресса и когнитивных нарушений на смертность лиц 55 лет и старше: данные популяционного исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9332-0622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асия Эмвяровна Имаева</p><p>101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Asiya Emvyarovna Imaeva</p><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Lane, Moscow 101990</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">imaevaasiia@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8058-1081</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Имаева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Imaeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Lane, Moscow 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8011-2798</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баланова</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balanova</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Lane, Moscow 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9624-9374</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Капустина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kapustina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Lane, Moscow 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2087-6483</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шальнова</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalnova</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Lane, Moscow 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Драпкина</surname><given-names>О. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Drapkina</surname><given-names>O. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>101990, Москва, Петроверигский пер., 10, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>10/3, Petroverigsky Lane, Moscow 101990</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Centre for Therapy and Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>75</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Imaeva A.E., Imaeva N.A., Balanova Y.A., Kapustina A.V., Shalnova S.A., Drapkina O.M., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Имаева А.Э., Имаева Н.А., Баланова Ю.А., Капустина А.В., Шальнова С.А., Драпкина О.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Imaeva A.E., Imaeva N.A., Balanova Y.A., Kapustina A.V., Shalnova S.A., Drapkina O.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2702">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2702</self-uri><abstract><p>Perceived stress is a complex of cognitive and emotional reactions that reflect both the level of distress caused by a stressor and the ability to cope with it. Recently, there has been growing interest in its connection with cognitive functions (CF).</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to investigate the relationship between perceived stress and reduced CF, and to assess their impact on mortality in the population aged 55 and older.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. This study was conducted as part of the epidemiological study ‘Stress, Aging, and Health.’ The study included 1,876 participants aged 55 years and older. A decrease in CF was recorded when assessed using the Mini-mental State Examination scale &lt;25 points. High levels of perceived stress were defined as values corresponding to the fifth quintile on the Cohen scale for men and women (≥21 and ≥24 points, respectively). During the entire observation period (median – 13 years), 948 study participants died.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Decreased CF was more common in men, individuals without higher education, and patients with a history of cardiovascular disease. The level of perceived stress was significantly higher in the group of individuals with cognitive impairment (19.9±5.8 vs 17.0±5.8 points; p=0.001). Multivariate analysis data showed a significant association between cognitive dysfunction and high stress (OR=2.33; 95% CI 1.75–3.11). Moreover, the simultaneous presence of reduced CF and high stress increased the risk of death by 1.74 times (95% CI 1.37–2.20) compared to those in whom these pathologies were not detected.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The associations between high levels of perceived stress and reduced CF, as well as their combined adverse effect on mortality in individuals aged 55 and older, indicate the need to develop a comprehensive approach that includes regular screening of cognitive functions and assessment of psycho-emotional status in this age group.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Воспринимаемый стресс — это комплекс когнитивно-эмоциональных реакций, отражающих как уровень дистресса от стрессора, так и способность к совладанию с ним. В последнее время растет интерес к его связи с когнитивными функциями (КФ).</p><p>Цель исследования – изучить связь воспринимаемого стресса со снижением КФ, а также оценить их влияние на смертность населения 55 лет и старше.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Настоящая работа выполнена в рамках эпидемиологического исследования «Стресс, старение и здоровье». В исследование было включено 1876 участников в возрасте 55 лет и старше. Снижение КФ регистрировалось при оценке по Краткой шкале оценки психического статуса &lt;25 баллов. За высокий уровень воспринимаемого стресса принимали значения, соответствующие пятой квинтили по шкале Коэна для мужчин и женщин (≥21 и ≥24 баллов соответственно). В течение всего периода наблюдения (медиана – 13 лет) умерли 943 участника исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Снижение КФ чаще выявлялось у мужчин, лиц без высшего образования и пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями в анамнезе. Уровень воспринимаемого стресса был значимо выше в группе лиц со снижением КФ (19,9±5,8 против 17,0±5,8 балла; p=0,001). Данные многофакторного анализа свидетельствовали о значимой связи между когнитивной дисфункцией и высоким стрессом (ОШ=2,33; 95% ДИ 1,75–3,11). Более того, одновременное наличие снижения КФ и высокого стресса увеличивало риск смерти в 1,74 раза (95% ДИ 1,37–2,20) по сравнению с теми, у кого данные патологии не выявлялись.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Ассоциации между высоким уровнем воспринимаемого стресса и снижением КФ, а также их совместное неблагоприятное влияние на смертность лиц 55 лет и старше свидетельствуют о необходимости разработки комплексного подхода, включающего регулярный скрининг КФ и оценку психоэмоционального состояния в данной возрастной группе.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>снижение когнитивных функций</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>пожилое население</kwd><kwd>смертность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>elderly population</kwd><kwd>mortality</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания «Разработка экспертной системы оценки “успешного старения” населения РФ, с учетом психологического и физического состояния здоровья в качестве инструмента прогнозирования популяционного и индивидуального риска» (регистрационный номер 124013100888-0).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was conducted as part of the state assignment “Development of an expert system for assessing “successful ageing” of the Russian population, taking into account psychological and physical health as a tool for predicting population and individual risk” (registration number: 124013100888-0)</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wimo A, Seeher K, Cataldi R, et al. 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