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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2025-5-4-10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2694</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Rehabilitation for vestibular and metavestibular disorders</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Реабилитация при вестибулярных и метавестибулярных расстройствах</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8945-381X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жизневский</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhiznevsky</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Жизневский, Кафедра неврологии с курсом рефлексологии и мануальной терапии ФГБОУ ДПО</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Vladimirovich Zhiznevsky, Department of Neurology with a course of reflexology and manual therapy</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.zhiznevskiy@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0193-2243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Замерград</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zamergrad</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра неврологии с курсом рефлексологии и мануальной терапии ФГБОУ ДПО; ОСП «Российский геронтологический научно-клинический центр» </p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p><p>129226, Москва, ул. 1-я Леонова, 16</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Neurology with a course of reflexology and manual therapy; Russian Clinical and Research Center of Gerontology</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p><p>16, 1st Leonova St., Moscow 129226</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>«Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>10</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Zhiznevsky D.V., Zamergrad M.V., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Жизневский Д.В., Замерград М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zhiznevsky D.V., Zamergrad M.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2694">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2694</self-uri><abstract><p>Vestibular pathology of various origins, in addition to dizziness and imbalance, can lead to metavestibular disorders, which manifest themselves as spatial disorientation and navigation disorders and often remain unrecognised, but can hinder the recovery of such patients and reduce their quality of life.</p><p>Vestibular rehabilitation is currently undergoing active development. It has been well studied and has proven effective in peripheral vestibulopathy. However, in cases of central vestibular dysfunction and metavestibular disorders, its results are not yet clear-cut and require further research.</p><p>It is known that the vestibular system is involved not only in maintaining balance, but also in cognitive functions, primarily in the implementation of visual-spatial functions. In this regard, patients with vestibular disorders may experience problems with concentration when solving various cognitive tasks, and conversely, the presence of cognitive impairments may exacerbate existing vestibular dysfunction. Vestibular rehabilitation promotes vestibular compensation through neuroplasticity, which improves statokinetic control and spatial orientation. This process consists of three components: recovery, habituation, and adaptation. In addition to physical exercises, it is advisable to include cognitive training in the vestibular rehabilitation programme, as this combination has a more pronounced positive effect on recovery. To increase the effectiveness of vestibular rehabilitation, it is reasonable to add betahistine dihydrochloride, which has been shown to be effective in numerous placebo-controlled studies, to the complex therapy as a drug capable of accelerating vestibular compensation.</p><p>In addition to using standard scales and questionnaires, it is currently proposed to objectify the effect of vestibular rehabilitation based on the study of saccadic response patterns and the assessment of grey matter volume in specific areas of the brain, measured using structural neuroimaging.</p><p>Further study of the mechanisms linking vestibular disorders with cognitive function will contribute to improving the effectiveness of rehabilitation for patients with various vestibular pathologies.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Вестибулярная патология различного генеза помимо головокружения и нарушения равновесия может приводить к метавестибулярным расстройствам, которые проявляются пространственной дезориентацией и нарушениями навигации и зачатую остаются нераспознанными, но при этом могут затруднять восстановление таких больных и снижать их качество жизни.</p><p>В настоящее время активно развивается вестибулярная реабилитация, которая хорошо изучена и показала свою эффективность при периферической вестибулопатии. Однако при центральной вестибулярной дисфункции и метавестибулярных расстройствах ее результаты пока не так однозначны и требуют дальнейших исследований.</p><p>Известно, что вестибулярная система участвует не только в поддержании равновесия, но и в когнитивной сфере, преимущественно в реализации зрительно-пространственных функций. В связи с этим при вестибулярных расстройствах пациенты могут испытывать проблемы с концентрацией внимания при решении различного рода когнитивных задач, и наоборот, наличие когнитивных нарушений может усугублять имеющуюся вестибулярную дисфункцию.</p><p>Вестибулярная реабилитация способствует вестибулярной компенсации благодаря нейропластичности, что позволяет улучшить статокинетический контроль, а также ориентацию в пространстве. Этот процесс состоит из трех компонентов: восстановления, габитуации и адаптации. В программу вестибулярной реабилитации помимо физических упражнений целесообразно включать и когнитивный тренинг, поскольку такая комбинация оказывает более выраженный положительный эффект на восстановление. Для повышения эффективности вестибулярной реабилитации в качестве препарата, способного ускорить вестибулярную компенсацию, вполне оправданно добавлять в комплексную терапию бетагистина дигидрохлорид, который показал свою эффективность в многочисленных плацебоконтролируемых исследованиях.</p><p>Объективизировать эффект вестибулярной реабилитации в настоящее время, помимо использования общепринятых шкал и опросников, предлагается на основании исследования паттернов саккадического ответа, а также оценки объема серого вещества определенных областей головного мозга, измеренного с помощью структурной нейровизуализации. Дальнейшее изучение механизмов взаимосвязи вестибулярных нарушений с когнитивной сферой будет способствовать повышению эффективности реабилитации пациентов с различной вестибулярной патологией.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вестибулярные расстройства</kwd><kwd>метавестибулярные расстройства</kwd><kwd>вестибулярная реабилитация</kwd><kwd>зрительно-пространственные нарушения</kwd><kwd>вестибуло-когнитивная взаимосвязь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vestibular disorders</kwd><kwd>metavestibular disorders</kwd><kwd>vestibular rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>visuospatial disorders</kwd><kwd>vestibulo-cognitive interaction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hall CD, Herdman SJ, Whitney SL, et al. Vestibular rehabilitation for peripheral vestibular hypofunction: an evidence-based clinical practice guideline. 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