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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2025-4-134-140</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2672</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Diagnosis and treatment of acute vertigo in emergency neurological practice</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Диагностика и лечение острого головокружения в неотложной неврологической практике</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лепков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lepkov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антоненко</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonenko</surname><given-names>L M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Михайловна Антоненко - Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila Mikhailovna Antonenko - Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine.</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">luda6917@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>134</fpage><lpage>140</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Lepkov A.S., Antonenko L.M., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лепков А.С., Антоненко Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lepkov A.S., Antonenko L.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2672">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2672</self-uri><abstract><p>The diagnosis and treatment of acute vertigo in emergency neurological practice are among the most pressing issues in modern neurology. The diagnosis of vestibular system disorders remains at a low level. Many patients with peripheral vestibular system damage and vestibular migraine are misdiagnosed with stroke and transient ischaemic attacks, chronic vertebrobasilar insufficiency, and cervical osteochondrosis. Acute vestibular vertigo is in most cases associated with pathology of the peripheral vestibular system and vestibular migraine, and much less often with stroke or transient ischaemic attacks in the vertebrobasilar arterial system. To make a diagnosis, it is especially important to conduct a clinical neurovestibular examination, including positional tests for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, the Halmagyi (head impulse) test, assessment of oblique deviation, severity of trunk ataxia and hearing impairment, as well as the use of modern neuroimaging methods. Modern treatment regimens have been developed for each of the nosological forms. A low-dose combination drug of cinnarizine 20 mg + dimenhydrinate 40 mg in combination with vestibular rehabilitation has shown high efficacy in the treatment of vertigo.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Диагностика и лечение острого головокружения в условиях неотложной неврологической практики относятся к числу наиболее актуальных проблем современной неврологии. Диагностика заболеваний вестибулярной системы пока остается на низком уровне. У многих пациентов с поражением периферического отдела вестибулярной системы и вестибулярной мигренью ошибочно диагностируются инсульты и транзиторные ишемические атаки, хроническая вертебробазилярная недостаточность, шейный остеохондроз. Острое вестибулярное головокружение в большинстве случаев связано с патологией периферического отдела вестибулярной системы и вестибулярной мигренью, значительно реже причиной служит острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения или транзиторная ишемическая атака в вертебробазилярной артериальной системе. Для постановки диагноза особенно важно проведение клинического нейровестибулярного обследования, включающего позиционные пробы на наличие доброкачественного пароксизмального позиционного головокружения, пробу Хальмаги, оценку косой девиации, выраженность туловищной атаксии и нарушений слуха, а также использование современных методов нейровизуализации. Для каждой из нозологических форм разработаны современные схемы лечения. Высокую эффективность в лечении головокружения показал низкодозовый комбинированный препарат циннаризин 20 мг + дименгидринат 40 мг в сочетании с вестибулярной реабилитацией.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>головокружение</kwd><kwd>острый вестибулярный синдром</kwd><kwd>вестибулярный нейронит</kwd><kwd>острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения</kwd><kwd>болезнь Меньера</kwd><kwd>вестибулярная мигрень</kwd><kwd>доброкачественное пароксизмальное позиционное головокружение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>vertigo</kwd><kwd>acute vestibular syndrome</kwd><kwd>vestibular neuronitis</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>Meniere's disease</kwd><kwd>vestibular migraine</kwd><kwd>benign paroxysmal positional vertigo</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The investigation has not been sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антоненко ЛМ. 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