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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-27112025-3-112-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2638</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Structure of the subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane as a meningeal selective barrier and immunological regulator</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Строение субарахноидальной лимфатикоподобной мембраны как менингеального селективного барьера и иммунологического регулятора</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6033-3427</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николенко</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolenko</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Николаевич Николенко</p><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir Nikolaevich Nikolenko</p><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vn.nikolenko@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6432-5179</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Оганесян</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Oganesyan</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4908-6413</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уразметова</surname><given-names>К. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Urazmetova</surname><given-names>K. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4033-1202</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ризаева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rizaeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3164-9737</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Санькова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sankova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6665-5419</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseeva</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0023-426X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Моисеенко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moiseenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7934-7172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беличенко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belichenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9338-8168</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитина</surname><given-names>А. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitina</surname><given-names>A. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11/10, Mokhovaya St., Moscow 125009</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4941-8876</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гридин</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gridin</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119049, Москва, ул. Житная, 14, стр. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>14/3, Zhitnaya St., 14/3 Moscow 119049</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра анатомии и гистологии человека Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Human Anatomy and Histology, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский центр проблем здоровья при Правительстве Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Center for Health Problems under the Moscow Government</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Nikolenko V.N., Oganesyan M.V., Urazmetova K.I., Rizaeva N.A., Sankova M.V., Moiseeva А.V., Moiseenko A.A., Belichenko A.A., Nikitina A.T., Gridin L.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Николенко В.Н., Оганесян М.В., Уразметова К.И., Ризаева Н.А., Санькова М.В., Моисеева А.В., Моисеенко А.А., Беличенко А.А., Никитина А.Т., Гридин Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikolenko V.N., Oganesyan M.V., Urazmetova K.I., Rizaeva N.A., Sankova M.V., Moiseeva А.V., Moiseenko A.A., Belichenko A.A., Nikitina A.T., Gridin L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2638">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2638</self-uri><abstract><p>The subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane (SLYM), identified through neuroimaging and molecular biology, is an extremely thin fourth subarachnoid meningeal layer that envelops blood vessels within the subarachnoid space. It performs critical functions including immune cell regulation, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow modulation, brain protection, and lubrication. All components of the central nervous system (CNS) drainage system – interstitial fluid, perivascular spaces, CSF, meningeal lymphatic vessels, and cervical lymph nodes – operate in close coordination, providing not only waste and toxin removal from the brain, but also maintaining homeostasis essential for normal neuronal function. SLYM, as part of this complex system, plays a role in transporting and filtering cells and molecules, contributing to the regulation of the CNS immune response. It forms a sheath around the brain through which only very small molecules can pass, thereby separating "clean" CSF from "dirty" CSF.</p><p>SLYM may be involved in processes associated with neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and multiple sclerosis, potentially opening new avenues for treatment and understanding of the mechanisms underlying immune responses in the CNS. The revised understanding of the critical role of the meninges in brain function regulation, their interaction with other drainage system components, and the role of SLYM as a new selective barrier involved in compartmentalizing the subarachnoid space offer a new perspective on neurological disorders and create opportunities for regenerative therapies targeting neurodegenerative diseases.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Выявленная с помощью нейровизуализации и молекулярной биологии субарахноидальная лимфатикоподобная мембрана (СЛИМ; англ. subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane) представляет собой очень тонкий четвертый подпаутинный менингеальный слой, который покрывает кровеносные сосуды в субарахноидальном пространстве, выполняет функции управления иммунными клетками, регулирования тока цереброспинальной жидкости (ЦСЖ), защиты и смазывания мозга.</p><p>Все компоненты дренажной системы центральной нервной системы (ЦНС), такие как интерстициальная жидкость, периваскулярные пространства, ЦСЖ, менингеальные лимфатические сосуды и шейные лимфатические узлы, работают в тесной взаимосвязи, обеспечивая не только удаление отходов и токсинов из мозга, но и поддержание гомеостаза для нормального функционирования нейронов. СЛИМ, как часть этой сложной системы, играет роль в транспортировке и фильтрации клеток и молекул, что способствует поддержанию иммунного ответа в ЦНС. Она образует оболочку вокруг мозга, сквозь которую могут пройти только очень маленькие молекулы, и, таким образом, участвует в отделении чистой ЦСЖ от «грязной».</p><p>СЛИМ может быть вовлечена в процессы, связанные с нейровоспалением и нейродегенеративными заболеваниями, такими как болезнь Альцгеймера и рассеянный склероз, что может открыть новые горизонты в лечении этих заболеваний и в изучении механизмов, лежащих в основе иммунного ответа в ЦНС.</p><p>Пересмотренная важнейшая роль мозговых оболочек в регуляции функций мозга, взаимодействие с другими компонентами дренажной системы, понимание функций СЛИМ как нового селективного барьера, участвующего в компартментализации подпаутинного пространства, дают новый взгляд на неврологические расстройства и открывают возможности для регенеративной терапии, направленной на нейродегенеративные заболевания.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>субарахноидальная лимфатикоподобная мембрана</kwd><kwd>мезотелиальная мембрана мозга</kwd><kwd>иммунная защита мозга</kwd><kwd>глимфатическая система</kwd><kwd>нейродегенеративные заболевания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>subarachnoid lymphatic-like membrane</kwd><kwd>mesothelial membrane of the brain</kwd><kwd>brain immune protection</kwd><kwd>glymphatic system</kwd><kwd>neurodegenerative diseases</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Scheltens P, De Strooper B, Kivipelto M, et al. 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