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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2025-2-30-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2479</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Use of botulinum toxin in patients with dysphagia and sialorrhea in acute ischemic stroke</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Применение ботулинического токсина у пациентов с дисфагией и сиалореей в остром периоде ишемического инсульта</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2232-7074</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3;620062, Екатеринбург, ул. Мира, 19;620017, Екатеринбург, ул. Старых Большевиков, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Repina St., Yekaterinburg 620028;19, Mira St., Yekaterinburg 620002;9, Starikh Bolshevikov St., Yekaterinburg 620017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gusev_vadim@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3327-8348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балуева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balueva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620017, Екатеринбург, ул. Старых Большевиков, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>9, Starikh Bolshevikov St., Yekaterinburg 620017</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7079-8810</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zayceva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3;620017, Екатеринбург, ул. Старых Большевиков, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Repina St., Yekaterinburg 620028;9, Starikh Bolshevikov St., Yekaterinburg 620017</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6399-9813</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>620028, Екатеринбург, ул. Репина, 3;620017, Екатеринбург, ул. Старых Большевиков, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>3, Repina St., Yekaterinburg 620028;9, Starikh Bolshevikov St., Yekaterinburg 620017</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Уральский государственный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина»;&#13;
ГАУЗ СО «Центральная городская клиническая больница №23»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin;&#13;
Central City Clinical Hospital No 23</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ СО «Центральная городская клиническая больница №23»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central City Clinical Hospital No 23</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России;&#13;
ГАУЗ СО «Центральная городская клиническая больница №23»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Central City Clinical Hospital No 23</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>17</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>30</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Gusev V.V., Balueva T.V., Zayceva O.V., Smirnov D.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусев В.В., Балуева Т.В., Зайцева О.В., Смирнов Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gusev V.V., Balueva T.V., Zayceva O.V., Smirnov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2479">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2479</self-uri><abstract><p>Dysphagia and sialorrhea are common complications of stroke that worsen quality of life and increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) injections are effective in the treatment of sialorrhea, but there are few data on the use of botulinum toxin in patients with dysphagia in acute stroke. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of incobotulinumtoxin A in the treatment of sialorrhea and prevention of aspiration pneumonia in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Material and methods. Twenty-seven patients with dysphagia and sialorrhea in acute ischemic stroke were included in the study. All patients received an ultrasound-guided injection of incobotulinumtoxin A in a total dose of 100 units, divided into four injections into parotid and submandibular salivary glands bilaterally. Posterior sialorrhea was visually verified by the endoscopic assessment, severity of dysphagia and aspiration risk were assessed at baseline, two weeks and one month post-injection using the Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS), Fiberoptic Endoscopic Dysphagia Severity Scale (FEDSS) and the Clinical Institute of the Brain (CIB) Dysphagia Scale. The control group consisted of 27 retrospectively analyzed patients who were matched for age, gender, stroke severity and dysphagia. Sialorrhea was assessed endoscopically, and dysphagia was assessed using the CIB dysphagia scale. All patients were routinely treated according to local standards of care depending on their condition at the admission. Aspiration complications and adverse events due to incobotulinumtoxin A were recorded throughout the study. Results. All patients in the main group at baseline had severe dysphagia according to PAS, FEDSS and CIB dysphagia scales (5.88±1.37; 4.73±1.12 and 19.81±6.61 points, respectively) and sialorrhea. After 2 weeks and 1 month after the injection of incobotulinumtoxin A, there was a decrease in the amount of saliva without signs of posterior sialorrhea and a decrease in the severity of dysphagia. Dysphagia scores on the PAS, FEDSS and CIB scales reached a statistically significant difference (p&lt;0.05) within one month compared to baseline (2.86±0.90; 2.57±0.66 and 11.43±2.14 points, respectively). No side effects such as weakness of the mimic and bulbar muscles were observed. In the control group, the severity of dysphagia also decreased according to the CIB scale, comparable to the main group, but sialorrhea persisted in 17 patients after 2 weeks and in 9 patients after 1 month. Aspiration pneumonia was diagnosed in 3 patients in the main group and in 7 patients in the control group. Conclusion. Injections of incobotulinumtoxin A in patients with dysphagia in acute ischemic stroke are effective and safe in the treatment of sialorrhea and the prevention of aspiration pneumonia. BoNT-A injections could be considered as a routine, safe and cost-effective treatment for patients with dysphagia to prevent aspiration complications after stroke. Further studies are needed to substantiate this statement.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Дисфагия и сиалорея – частые осложнения инсульта, ухудшающие качество жизни пациентов и повышающие риск аспирационной пневмонии. Применение ботулинического токсина типа А (БТА) эффективно как метод коррекции сиалореи, однако данных о применении БТА у пациентов с дисфагией в остром периоде инсульта крайне мало. Цель исследования – оценить эффективность и безопасность применения инкоботулотоксина А для коррекции сиалореи и профилактики аспирационных пневмоний у пациентов с дисфагией в остром периоде ишемического инсульта (ИИ). Материал и методы. В исследование включено 27 пациентов в остром периоде ИИ с признаками дисфагии и наличием задней сиалореи. Все пациенты получали однократно инкоботулотоксин А в общей дозе 100 ЕД, разделенной на четыре инъекции в околоушные и подчелюстные слюнные железы с обеих сторон под контролем ультразвуковой навигации. Эндоскопически проводилась визуальная оценка задней сиалореи; тяжесть дисфагии и риск аспирации оценивались по Шкале проникновения-аспирации Розенбека (Penetration-Aspiration Scale, PAS), Фиброоптической эндоскопической шкале оценки тяжести дисфагии (Fiberoptic Endoscopic Dysphagia Severity Scale, FEDSS) и Шкале оценки дисфагии Клиники института мозга (КИМ) до инъекций, через 2 нед и через 1 мес. Группу ретроспективного контроля составили 27 пациентов, сопоставимых по возрасту, полу, степени тяжести инсульта и степени дисфагии. Сиалорею оценивали также эндоскопически, выраженность дисфагии определяли по Шкале оценки дисфагии КИМ. Все пациенты получали регламентированную клиническими рекомендациями и протоколами терапию в зависимости от исходной тяжести состояния. Аспирационные осложнения и нежелательные реакции на инъекции инкоботулотоксина А оценивали на протяжении всего исследования. Результаты. У всех пациентов основной группы исходно по шкалам PAS, FEDSS, Шкале дисфагии КИМ отмечена дисфагия тяжелой степени (5,88±1,37; 4,73±1,12 и 19,81±6,61 балла соответственно) и наличие сиалореи. Через 2 нед и 1 мес после инъекции инкоботулотоксина А наблюдались уменьшение количества слюны без признаков задней сиалореи и снижение выраженности дисфагии. Значения оценки дисфагии по шкалам PAS, FEDSS и КИМ через 1 мес достигли статистически значимой разницы (р&lt;0,05) по сравнению с исходными значениями (2,86±0,90; 2,57±0,66 и 11,43±2,14 балла соответственно). Побочных эффектов в виде слабости мимической и бульбарной мускулатуры выявлено не было. В контрольной группе было также отмечено снижение выраженности дисфагии по шкале КИМ, сопоставимое с основной группой, однако сиалорея сохранялась у 17 и 9 пациентов через 2 нед и через 1 мес соответственно. Аспирационная пневмония была диагностирована у трех пациентов основной группы и у семи – контрольной группы. Заключение. Инъекции инкоботулотоксина А у пациентов с дисфагией в остром периоде ИИ эффективны и безопасны для лечения сиалореи и профилактики аспирационной пневмонии. Инъекции БТА можно рассматривать как рутинное, безопасное и экономически эффективное лечение пациентов с дисфагией для профилактики аспирационных осложнений после инсульта. Для подтверждения этого утверждения необходимы дальнейшие исследования.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ишемический инсульт</kwd><kwd>дисфагия</kwd><kwd>сиалорея</kwd><kwd>аспирационная пневмония</kwd><kwd>ботулинический токсин типа А</kwd><kwd>инкоботулотоксин А</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ischemic stroke</kwd><kwd>dysphagia</kwd><kwd>sialorrhea</kwd><kwd>aspiration pneumonia</kwd><kwd>botulinum toxin type A</kwd><kwd>incobotulinumtoxin A</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Залялова ЗА. Слюнотечение после инсульта. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2017;117(1):85-9. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20171171185-89</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zalyalova ZA. Salivation after stroke. Zhurnal nevrologii i psihiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova = S.S. 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