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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2024-6-28-35</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2415</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Biofeedback neurotraining in the correction of emotional changes in early cerebral small vessel disease</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нейротренинг методом биологической обратной связи в коррекции эмоциональных изменений при ранней церебральной микроангиопатии</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-7259</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новикова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mzheka88@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9929-2725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добрынина</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrynina</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9493-4212</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Добрушина</surname><given-names>О. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dobrushina</surname><given-names>O. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Афанасьев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Afanasev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-5530</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волик</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volik</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6026-3388</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гнедовская</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gnedovskaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1321-9354</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Арина</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Arina</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11, стр. 9 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 11, Mohovaya St., Build. 9, Moscow 125009 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1145-0739</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Аристова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aristova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p><p> 125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11, стр. 9 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367 </p><p> 11, Mohovaya St., Build. 9, Moscow 125009 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4642-6723</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казанцева</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kazantseva</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> 125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80 </p><p> 125009, Москва, ул. Моховая, 11, стр. 9 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 80, Volokolamskoe Shosse, Moscow 125367 </p><p> 11, Mohovaya St., Build. 9, Moscow 125009 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre of Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Факультет психологии ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»; Факультет психологии ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Centre of Neurology; Faculty of Psychology, Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>28</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Novikova E.S., Dobrynina L.A., Dobrushina O.R., Afanasev M.A., Volik A.V., Gnedovskaya E.V., Arina G.A., Aristova V.V., Kazantseva D.A., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новикова Е.С., Добрынина Л.А., Добрушина О.Р., Афанасьев М.А., Волик А.В., Гнедовская Е.В., Арина Г.А., Аристова В.В., Казанцева Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novikova E.S., Dobrynina L.A., Dobrushina O.R., Afanasev M.A., Volik A.V., Gnedovskaya E.V., Arina G.A., Aristova V.V., Kazantseva D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2415">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2415</self-uri><abstract><p>Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) associated with age and vascular risk factors has a high prevalence and social significance. Psychoemotional changes are an early manifestation of CSVD that require methods for their correction. Objective: to evaluate and compare the efficacy of biofeedback (BF) at infra-low frequencies and alpha waves frequencies in correcting emotional changes in patients with early CSVD. Material and methods. The study included 71 patients (85% women; mean age 52.8±6.3 years) with early CSVD and 21 healthy volunteers (71% women; mean age 53.2±4.8 years). Patients were randomized into three groups using the envelope method with double-blind placebo control: BF-neurotraining at infra-low frequencies (n=25), alpha waves (n=22) and imitation of BF based on electroencephalography parameters (placebo; n=24). Fifteen 30-minute individual sessions were conducted 2–5 times per week. Clinical symptoms, brain MRI data and psychoemotional status were assessed in all participants before and immediately after the BF course and 6–8 weeks later. Results. Patients with early-stage CSVD were characterized by an medium level of situational and a high level of personal anxiety, mild symptoms of depression and an medium level of alexithymia. Infra-low frequencies and alpha waves BF-neurotrainings were comparable in terms of their efficacy in reducing personal anxiety. Alpha waves training also showed an effect in reducing situational anxiety in the long term. Infralow frequencies training also reduced the level of depression. Placebo training had no effect on the parameters studied. Conclusion. In patients with early CSVD, BF-neurotraining at infra-low frequencies and alpha waves may be one of the methods for correcting the emotional changes associated with CSVD.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Церебральная микроангиопатия (ЦМА), ассоциированная с возрастом и сосудистыми факторами риска, имеет высокую распространенность и высокую социальную значимость. Психоэмоциональные изменения относятся к ранним проявлениям ЦМА и нуждаются в поиске методов их коррекции.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить и сопоставить эффективность биологической обратной связи (БОС) по инфранизким частотам и альфа-волнам в коррекции эмоциональных изменений у больных ранней ЦМА.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование был включен 71 пациент (85% – женщины; средний возраст – 52,8±6,3 года) с ранней ЦМА и 21 здоровый доброволец (71% – женщины; средний возраст – 53,2±4,8 года). Пациенты были рандомизированы методом конвертов с двойным слепым плацебо-контролем в три группы: БОС-нейротренинга по инфранизким частотам (n=25), по альфа-волнам (n=22), имитации БОС по показателям электроэнцефалографии (плацебо; n=24). Проводилось 15 индивидуальных занятий по 30 мин 2–5 раз в неделю. У всех участников оценивались клинические проявления, данные МРТ головного мозга, психоэмоциональный статус до, сразу после окончания курса БОС и спустя 6–8 нед.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Пациенты с ранней ЦМА характеризуются средним уровнем ситуативной и высоким уровнем личностной тревожности, легкой выраженностью симптомов депрессии и средним уровнем алекситимии. БОС-нейротренинги по инфранизким частотам и альфа-волнам были сопоставимы по эффективности в снижении личностной тревожности. Тренинг по альфа-волнам дополнительно показал влияние на снижение ситуативной тревожности в отсроченном периоде. Тренинг по инфранизким частотам, кроме того, снижал уровень депрессии. Плацебо-тренинг не оказывал влияния на изученные показатели.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. У пациентов с ранней ЦМА БОС-нейротренинг по инфранизким частотам и альфа-волнам может быть одним из методов коррекции ассоциированных с ЦМА эмоциональных изменений.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ранняя церебральная микроангиопатия</kwd><kwd>биологическая обратная связь по показателям электроэнцефалографии</kwd><kwd>нейротренинг по инфранизким частотам</kwd><kwd>нейротренинг по альфа-волнам</kwd><kwd>эмоциональная регуляция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>early cerebral small vessel disease</kwd><kwd>biofeedback based on electroencephalography parameters</kwd><kwd>infra-low frequency neurotraining</kwd><kwd>alpha waves neurotraining</kwd><kwd>emotional regulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Парфенов ВА. Дисциркуляторная энцефалопатия и сосудистые когнитивные расстройства. Москва: ИМА-Пресс; 2017. 123 с. 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