nnpNeurology, Neuropsychiatry, PsychosomaticsНеврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика2074-27112310-1342"IMA-Press", LLC10.14412/2074-2711-2012-2510nnp-241Research ArticleArticlesСтатьиPost-stroke disorders: pathogenetic, clinical, and therapeutic aspectsПостинсультные расстройства: патогенетические, клинические и терапевтические аспектыДамулинИ. В.DamulinI. V.igor_damulin@mtu-net.ruКафедра нервных болезней лечебного факультета ГБОУ ВПО Первого МГМУ им. И.М. СеченоваРоссияDepartment of Nervous System Diseases, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniverstyRussian Federation20121006201242SСognitive and other neuropsychiatric disorders5660Copyright © Damulin I.V., 20142014Дамулин И.В.Damulin I.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/241

The paper considers the clinical features and mechanisms of recovery of motor and cognitive functions after stroke. It is emphasized that the earliest therapy of stroke appreciably determines the success of further rehabilitation measures. There may be the most significant recovery in the first 3 months after stroke and generally only an insignificant improvement following 6 months. However, the process of recovery can last longer in a number of patients. Data are given on the use of nicergoline (sermion) in this category of patients.

В статье рассматриваются клинические особенности и механизмы восстановления двигательных и когнитивных функций после инсульта. Подчеркивается, что максимально более ранняя терапия инсульта в немалой степени определяет успех проводимых в последующем реабилитационных мероприятий. Наиболее значительное восстановление возможно в первые 3 мес после инсульта, после 6 мес, как правило, наблюдается только незначительное улучшение. Однако у ряда больных процесс восстановления может занимать и более продолжительное время. Приводятся данные о применении препарата ницерголин (сермион) у данной категории больных.

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Why are stroke patients prone to develop dementia? J Neurol 1997;244:135–42.</p><p>Gorelick P.B. Status of risk factors for dementia associated with stroke. Stroke 1997;28:459–63.</p><p>Leys D., Henon H., Pasquier F. The role of cerebral infarcts in vascular dementia. In: Research and Practice in Alzheimer’s Disease. V. 5. B.Vellas et al. (eds.). Paris: Serdi Publisher, 2001;123–8.</p><p>Binder J., Marshall R., Lazar R. et al. Distinct syndromes of hemineglect. Arch Neurol 1994;49:1187–94.</p><p>Maeshima S., Truman G., Smith D.S. et al. Is unilateral spatial neglect a single phenomenon? J Neurol 1997;244:412–7.</p><p>Rode G., Revol P., Rossetti Y. et al. Looking while imagining. The influence of visual input on representational neglect. J Neurol 2007;68:432–7.</p><p>Smania N., Martini M.C., Gambina G. et al. The spatial distribution of visual attention in hemineglect and extinction patients. Brain 1998;121:1759–70.</p><p>Classen J., Schnitzler A., Binkofski F. et al. 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A 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre pilot study of the efficacy and safety of nicergoline 60 mg per day in elderly hypertensive patients with leukoaraiosis. Eur J Neurol 1999;6:313–22.</p></div><br /><div><p>Дамулин И.В. Постинсультные двигательные нарушения. Cons med 2002;5(2):64–70.</p><p>Кадыков А.С., Шахпаронова Н.В. Реабилитация после инсульта. РМЖ 2003;11(25):1390–4.</p><p>Парфенов В.А. Постинсультная спастичность и ее лечение. РМЖ 2006;14(9):689–93.</p><p>Koek H.L., Bots M.L., Grobbee D.E. Are Russians different than other Europeans in their relation of risk factors to cardiovascular disease risk. Eur J Epidemiol 2003;18:843–4.</p><p>Patel M.D., Coshall C., Rudd A.G. et al. Cognitive impairment after stroke: clinical determinants and its association with long-term stroke outcomes. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50:700–6.</p><p>Tang W.K., Chan S.S, Chiu H.F. et al. Frequency and clinical determinants of poststroke cognitive impairment in nondemented stroke patients. J Geriatr Psychiatr Neurol 2006;19:65–71.</p><p>Pasquier F., Leys D. Why are stroke patients prone to develop dementia? J Neurol 1997;244:135–42.</p><p>Gorelick P.B. Status of risk factors for dementia associated with stroke. Stroke 1997;28:459–63.</p><p>Leys D., Henon H., Pasquier F. The role of cerebral infarcts in vascular dementia. In: Research and Practice in Alzheimer’s Disease. V. 5. B.Vellas et al. (eds.). Paris: Serdi Publisher, 2001;123–8.</p><p>Binder J., Marshall R., Lazar R. et al. Distinct syndromes of hemineglect. Arch Neurol 1994;49:1187–94.</p><p>Maeshima S., Truman G., Smith D.S. et al. Is unilateral spatial neglect a single phenomenon? J Neurol 1997;244:412–7.</p><p>Rode G., Revol P., Rossetti Y. et al. Looking while imagining. The influence of visual input on representational neglect. J Neurol 2007;68:432–7.</p><p>Smania N., Martini M.C., Gambina G. et al. The spatial distribution of visual attention in hemineglect and extinction patients. Brain 1998;121:1759–70.</p><p>Classen J., Schnitzler A., Binkofski F. et al. The motor syndrome associated with exaggerated inhibition within the primary motor cortex of patients with hemiparetic stroke. Brain 1997;120:605–19.</p><p>Kollen B., Van de Port I., Lindeman E. et al. Preicting improvement in gait after stroke. Stroke 2005;36:2676–80.</p><p>Haggard P., Cockburn J., Cock J. et al. Interference between gait and cognitive tasks in a rehabilitating neurological population. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000;69:479–86.</p><p>Carmichael S.T. Plasticity of cortical projections after stroke. The Neuroscientist 2003;9:64–75.</p><p>Stroemer R.P., Kent T.A., Hulsebosch C.E. Neocortical neural sprouting, synaptogenesis, and behavioral recovery after neocortical infarction in rats. Stroke 1995;26:2135–44.</p><p>Виндиш М. Лекарства, усиливающие когнитивные функции (ноотропы). М.: ЭБЕВЕ, 2001;23 с.</p><p>Одинак М.М., Емелин А.Ю., Лобзин В.Ю. Нарушения когнитивных функций при цереброваскулярной патологии. СПб.: ВМедА, 2006;158 с.</p><p>Руденко Г.М., Музыченко А.П. Результаты клинического изучения препарата сермион (анализ данных Фармакологического комитета). М., 1987;31 с.</p><p>Яхно Н.Н., Захаров В.В., Локшина А.Б. и др. Деменции. Рук-во для врачей. 2-е изд. М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2010;272 с.</p><p>Crook T.H. Nicergoline: Parallel evolution of clinical trial methodology and drug development in dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis 1997;8(Suppl. 1):22–6.</p><p>Winblad B., Carfagna N., Bonura L. et al. Nicergoline in dementia. A review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic potential. CNS Drugs 2000;14:267–87.</p><p>Winblad B., Fioravanti M., Dolezal T. et al. Therapeutic use of nicergoline. Clin Drug Invest 2008;28:533–52.</p><p>Nappi G., Bono G., Merlo G. et al. Long-term nicergoline treatment of mild to moderate senile dementia. Results of a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Clin Drug Invest 1997;13:308–16.</p><p>Bes A., Orgogozo J.-M., Poncet M. et al. A 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre pilot study of the efficacy and safety of nicergoline 60 mg per day in elderly hypertensive patients with leukoaraiosis. Eur J Neurol 1999;6:313–22.</p></div><br />

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.