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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2024-5-17-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2366</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Brain-computer interfaces based on near-infrared spectroscopy and electroencephalography registration in post-stroke rehabilitation: a comparative study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Нейрокомпьютерные интерфейсы, основанные на регистрации спектроскопии в ближней инфракрасной области и электроэнцефалографии, в постинсультной реабилитации: сравнительное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7826-5135</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мокиенко</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mokienko</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олеся Александровна Мокиенко</p><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80; 117485, Москва, ул. Бутлерова, 5А; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya Aleksandrovna Mokienko</p><p>180, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow 125367; 5A, Butlerova St., Moscow 117485; 1, Ostrovityanovа St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Lesya.md@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8671-5861</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Люкманов</surname><given-names>Р. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyukmanov</surname><given-names>R. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>180, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow 125367; 1, Ostrovityanovа St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2566-1043</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобров</surname><given-names>П. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrov</surname><given-names>P. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117485, Москва, ул. Бутлерова, 5А; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5A, Butlerova St., Moscow 117485; 1, Ostrovityanovа St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-5056</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Исаев</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Isaev</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117485, Москва, ул. Бутлерова, 5А; 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>5A, Butlerova St., Moscow 117485; 1, Ostrovityanovа St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6836-4386</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иконникова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ikonnikova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>180, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow 125367</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7019-474X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черкасова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Cherkasova</surname><given-names>А. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>180, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow 125367</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3956-6362</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Супонева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suponeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>180, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow 125367</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-0392</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пирадов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Piradov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>180, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow 125367</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»; ФГБУН «Институт высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии» Российской академии наук</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center of Neurology; Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Sciences; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center of Neurology; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУН «Институт высшей нервной деятельности и нейрофизиологии» Российской академии наук; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Sciences; N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center of Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>17</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Mokienko O.A., Lyukmanov R.K., Bobrov P.D., Isaev M.R., Ikonnikova E.S., Cherkasova А.N., Suponeva N.A., Piradov M.A., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мокиенко О.А., Люкманов Р.Х., Бобров П.Д., Исаев М.Р., Иконникова Е.С., Черкасова А.Н., Супонева Н.А., Пирадов М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mokienko O.A., Lyukmanov R.K., Bobrov P.D., Isaev M.R., Ikonnikova E.S., Cherkasova А.N., Suponeva N.A., Piradov M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2366">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2366</self-uri><abstract><p>Motor imagery training under the control of a brain-computer interface (BCI) facilitates motor recovery after stroke. The efficacy of BCI based on electroencephalography (EEG-BCI) has been confirmed by several meta-analyses, but a more convenient and noise-resistant method of near-infrared spectroscopy in the BCI circuit (NIRS-BCI) has been practically unexamined; comparisons of the two types of BCI have not been performed.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to compare the control accuracy and clinical efficacy of NIRS-BCI and EEG-IMC in post-stroke rehabilitation.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The NIRS-BCI group consisted of patients from an uncontrolled study (n=15; 9 men and 6 women; age – 59.0 [49.0; 70.0] years; stroke duration – 7.0 [2.0; 10.0] months; upper limb paresis – 47.0 [35.0; 54.0] points on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for motor function evaluation of the upper limb – FM-UL). The EEG-IMC group was formed from the main group of the randomized controlled trial “iMove” (n=17; 13 men and 4 women; age – 53.0 [49.0; 70.0] years; stroke duration – 10.0 [6.0; 13.0] months; upper limb paresis – 33.0 [12.0; 53.0] points on the FM-UL). Patients participated in a comprehensive rehabilitation program supplemented by BCI-guided movement imagery training (average of 9 training sessions).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Median of average BCI control rates achieved by the patients was 46.4 [44.2; 60.4]% in the NIRS group and 40.0 [35.7; 45.1]% in the EEG group (p=0.004). For the NIRS-BCI group, the median of the maximum BCI control accuracy achieved was 66.2 [56.4; 73.7]%, for EEGBCI – 50.6 [43.0; 62.3]% (p=0.006). The proportion of patients who achieved a clinically significant improvement according ARAT and the proportion of patients who achieved a clinically significant improvement according FM-UL were comparable in both groups. The NIRS-BCI group showed greater improvement in motor function compared to the EEG-BCI group according to Action Research Arm Test (ARAT; an increase of 5.0 [4.0; 8.0] points compared to an increase of 1.0 [0.0; 3.0] points; p=0.008), but not according to FM-UL scale (an increase of 5.0 [1.0; 10.0] and 4.0 [2.0; 5.0] points, respectively; p=0.455).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. NIRS-BCI has an advantage in control accuracy and ease of use in clinical practice. Achieving higher control accuracy of BCI provides additional opportunities for the use of game feedback scenarios to increase patient motivation.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Тренировки представления движения под контролем интерфейса мозг–компьютер (ИМК) способствуют двигательному восстановлению после инсульта. Эффективность ИМК на основе электроэнцефалографии (ЭЭГ-ИМК) подтверждена несколькими метаанализами, но более удобный и помехоустойчивый метод спектроскопии в ближней инфракрасной области в контуре ИМК (БИКС-ИМК) практически не изучен, сравнений двух типов ИМК не проводилось.</p><p>Цель исследования заключалась в сравнении точности управления и клинической эффективности БИКС-ИМК и ЭЭГ-ИМК в постинсультной реабилитации.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Группу БИКС-ИМК составили пациенты из неконтролируемого исследования (n=15; 9 мужчин и 6 женщин; возраст – 59,0 [49,0; 70,0] года; давность инсульта – 7,0 [2,0; 10,0] мес; парез верхней конечности – 47,0 [35,0; 54,0] балла по шкале Фугл-Мейера для оценки двигательной функции верхней конечности – ФМ-ВК). Группа ЭЭГ-ИМК была сформирована из основной группы рандомизированного контролируемого исследования iMove (n=17; 13 мужчин и 4 женщины; возраст – 53,0 [49,0;70,0] года; давность инсульта – 10,0 [6,0; 13,0] мес; парез верхней конечности – 33,0 [12,0; 53,0] балла по ФМ-ВК). Пациенты проходили курс комплексной реабилитации, дополненный тренировками представления движения под контролем ИМК (в среднем 9 тренировок).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Медиана средних показателей качества управления ИМК, достигнутых пациентами, составила 46,4 [44,2; 60,4] % в группе БИКС и 40,0 [35,7; 45,1] % в группе ЭЭГ (p=0,004). Для группы БИКС-ИМК медиана максимально достигнутой точности управления ИМК составила 66,2 [56,4; 73,7] %, для ЭЭГ-ИМК – 50,6 [43,0; 62,3] % (p=0,006). Доля пациентов, достигших клинически значимого улучшения по шкале ARAT, и доля пациентов, достигших клинически значимого улучшения по ФМ-ВК, были сопоставимы в обеих группах. Для группы БИКС-ИМК наблюдалось большее, по сравнению с группой ЭЭГ-ИМК, улучшение двигательной функции по шкале Action Research Arm Test (ARAT; увеличение на 5,0 [4,0; 8,0] балла по сравнению с увеличением на 1,0 [0,0; 3,0] балла; p=0,008), но не по шкале ФМ-ВК (увеличение на 5,0 [1,0; 10,0] и 4,0 [2,0; 5,0] балла соответственно; p=0,455).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. БИКС-ИМК имеет преимущество в точности управления и удобстве применения в клинической практике. Достижение более высокой точности управления ИМК предоставляет дополнительные возможности для применения игровых сценариев обратной связи с целью увеличения мотивации пациентов.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>постинсультная реабилитация</kwd><kwd>парез</kwd><kwd>интерфейсы мозг–компьютер</kwd><kwd>спектроскопия в ближней инфракрасной области</kwd><kwd>нейробиоуправление</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>post-stroke rehabilitation</kwd><kwd>paresis</kwd><kwd>brain-computer interfaces</kwd><kwd>near-infrared spectroscopy</kwd><kwd>neurofeedback</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The investigation has not been sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мокиенко ОА, Люкманов РХ, Бобров ПД и др. 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