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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2024-2S-11-17</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2310</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Multifactorial model of predictors of the development of depressive disorders in multiple sclerosis: a prospective longitudinal study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Многофакторная модель предикторов развития депрессивных нарушений при рассеянном склерозе: лонгитюдное проспективное исследование</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6952-2367</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Губская</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gubskaia</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>153012, Иваново, Шереметевский проспект, 8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>18, Sheremetyevskiy Prosp., Ivanovo 153012</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4633-6872</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малыгин</surname><given-names>Я. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malygin</surname><given-names>Yа. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ярослав Владимирович Малыгин</p><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yaroslav Vladimirovich Malygin</p><p>1, Leninskye Gory, Moscow 119991</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">malygin-y@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5105-6784</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Александрова</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aleksandrova</surname><given-names>A. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, Ленинские горы, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lomonosov Moscow State University</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Ивановский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ivanovo State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>0</issue><issue-title>(Suppl. 2)</issue-title><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>17</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Gubskaia K.V., Malygin Y.V., Aleksandrova A.Y., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Губская К.В., Малыгин Я.В., Александрова А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gubskaia K.V., Malygin Y.V., Aleksandrova A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2310">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2310</self-uri><abstract><p>Up to 50% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are affected by depression.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to develop a multifactorial model of predictors of depression in MS, considering sociodemographic, clinicopsychopathological and clinicofunctional characteristics.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. 157 patients with MS and depression were analyzed. The control group consisted of 100 MS patients without depression. The observation period was 10 years. The following scales were used: Beck, MFI-20, Spielberger-Hanin, visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain, PASAT test, EDSS. We performed an MRI scan, and identified significant stressful events, the type of MS, clinically isolated and radiologically isolated syndromes, concomitant diseases and the use of MS disease-modifying treatments (DMTs). The diagnosis of depression was made according to the ICD-10 criteria. Multivariate models were developed using analysis of variance and multiple linear regression equation.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A multifactorial model of predictors for the development of depression with a high multiple correlation value (r=0.85) was proposed. Factors with pronounced influence on the development of depression were: high rate of progression of MS (Beta=0.879), highly active course of MS (Beta=0.876), asthenia 89.6±1.1 points on the MFI-20 scale with an increase of 1.48% per year (Beta=0.784). Significant factors were: localization of lesions in the frontal, temporal regions of the right hemisphere (Beta=0.742), reactive anxiety 56±2.64 points on the SpielbergerKhanin scale with an increase of 1.89 % per year (Beta=0.682), increase in the area of lesions in the brain by 1.83 % per year (Beta=0.618), multiple lesions in the brain (Beta=0.591). Statistically significant predictors with less influence on the development of depression were: female gender, secondary education, living alone, significant stressful events in the past, autoimmune diseases, depression before the development of MS, depression in close relatives, pain syndrome (6–8 points on VAS). Cognitive impairment, increase in PASAT score of 2.87% per year, body mass index with an increase of 1.61% per year, clinically isolated and radiologically isolated syndromes before the development of MS, age of onset of MS, age of onset of depression, disability indicator according to EDSS, type of MS, comorbidity and medication use are not predictors of depression in MS.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A high rate of MS progression, a very active course of MS, an increase in asthenia on the MFI-20 scale, localization of lesions in the frontal and temporal regions of the right hemisphere and an increase in reactive anxiety were identified as important predictors of depression in MS.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Депрессией страдают до 50% больных рассеянным склерозом (РС).</p><p>Цель исследования – разработать многофакторную модель предикторов депрессии при РС с учетом социально-демографических, клинико-психопатологических и клинико-функциональных характеристик.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Обследовано 157 пациентов с РС и депрессией. Контрольную группу составили 100 больных РС без депрессии. Период наблюдения составил 10 лет. Использовали шкалы: Бека, MFI-20, Спилбергера–Ханина, визуальную аналоговую шкалу (ВАШ) боли, тест PASAT, EDSS. Проводилось МРТ-обследование, выявлялись значимые стрессовые события, учитывались тип РС, клинически изолированный и радиологически изолированный синдромы, сопутствующая патология, прием препаратов, изменяющих течение РС (ПИТРС). Диагноз депрессии определялся в соответствии с критериями МКБ-10. Многофакторные модели разработаны с помощью дисперсионного анализа и уравнения множественной линейной регрессии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Предложена многофакторная модель предикторов развития депрессии с высоким значением множественной корреляции (r=0,85). Факторы с выраженным влиянием на развитие депрессии: высокая скорость прогрессирования РС (Beta=0,879), высокоактивное течение РС (Beta=0,876), астения 89,6±1,1 балла по шкале MFI-20 с ростом показателя на 1,48% в год (Beta=0,784). Значимые факторы: локализация очагов в лобных, височных областях правого полушария (Beta=0,742), реактивная тревожность 56,0±2,64 балла по шкале Спилбергера–Ханина с ростом показателя на 1,89% в год (Beta=0,682), увеличение площади очагов в головном мозге на 1,83% в год (Beta=0,618), множественные очаги в головном мозге (Beta=0,591). Статистически значимые предикторы с меньшим влиянием на развитие депрессии: женский пол, среднее образование, отсутствие семьи, значимые стрессовые события в анамнезе, аутоиммунные заболевания, депрессия до развития РС, депрессия у близких родственников, болевой синдром (6–8 баллов по ВАШ). Когнитивные нарушения, рост показателя по шкале PASAT на 2,87% в год, индекс массы тела с ростом показателя на 1,61% в год, клинически изолированный и радиологически изолированный синдромы до развития РС, возраст дебюта РС, возраст начала депрессии, показатель инвалидизации по EDSS, тип РС, сопутствующая патология, прием ПИТРС не являются предикторами депрессии при РС.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В качестве ключевых предикторов возникновения депрессии при РС выделены высокая скорость прогрессирования РС, высокоактивное течение РС, рост астении по шкале MFI-20, локализация очагов в лобных, височных областях правого полушария, рост реактивной тревожности.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>депрессивные расстройства</kwd><kwd>предикторы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>depressive disorders</kwd><kwd>predictors</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The investigation has not been sponsored</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marrie RA, Reingold S, Cohen J, et al. 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