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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2024-3-52-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2287</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Optic neuritis in various demyelinating diseases</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Оптические невриты при различных демиелинизирующих заболеваниях</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2229-384X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калашникова</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalashnikova</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Калашникова Анастасия Константиновна.</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia K. Kalashnikova.</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kalashnic94@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2173-927X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Елисеева</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eliseeva</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125367, Москва, Волоколамское шоссе, 80</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>80, Volokolamskoe Sh., Moscow 125367</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7329-5725</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо 11А, Б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11А, Б, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1771-300X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жоржоладзе</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhorzholadze</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо 11А, Б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11А, Б, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0298-2250</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ронзина</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ronzina</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо 11А, Б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11А, Б, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4373-4747</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бембеева</surname><given-names>Р. Ц.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bembeeva</surname><given-names>R. Ts.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119571, Москва, Ленинский просп., 117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117, Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119571</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1316-0689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Венедиктова</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Venediktova</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо 11А, Б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11А, Б, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1046-1213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калганова</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalganova</surname><given-names>M. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119571, Москва, Ленинский просп., 117</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117, Leninskiy Prosp., Moscow 119571</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4597-4987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шеремет</surname><given-names>Н. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sheremet</surname><given-names>N. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо 11А, Б</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11А, Б, Rossolimo St., Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научный центр неврологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Center of Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт глазных болезней им. М.М. Краснова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M.M. Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>06</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>52</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kalashnikova A.K., Eliseeva D.D., Andreeva N.A., Zhorzholadze N.V., Ronzina I.A., Bembeeva R.T., Venediktova N.N., Kalganova M.R., Sheremet N.L., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калашникова А.К., Елисеева Д.Д., Андреева Н.А., Жоржоладзе Н.В., Ронзина И.А., Бембеева Р.Ц., Венедиктова Н.Н., Калганова М.Р., Шеремет Н.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalashnikova A.K., Eliseeva D.D., Andreeva N.A., Zhorzholadze N.V., Ronzina I.A., Bembeeva R.T., Venediktova N.N., Kalganova M.R., Sheremet N.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2287">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2287</self-uri><abstract><p>The discovery of antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and against myelinoligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) confirmed the existence of two disease entities distinct from multiple sclerosis (MS) — neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelinoligodendrocyte glycoprotein-associated disease (MOGAD). Demyelinating optic neuritis (ON) can be either idiopathic (iDON) or a manifestation of MS, NMOSD (AQP4-ON) or MOGAD (MOG-ON).</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to determine the clinical features of ON and to evaluate the diagnostic value of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The study included 43 patients with demyelinating ON who were divided into three groups according to the underlying disease (NMOSD, MOGAD and MS/iDON). We assessed visual acuity (VA) in the acute phase and analyzed VA and average values of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) and retinal ganglion cell complex (RGC) thickness using OCT data 6 months after the onset of ON.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. ON was observed in the onset of the disease in 75% of NMOSD patients, 62% of MOGAD patients and 86% of MS/iDON patients. In the MOGAD and NMOSD groups, bilateral ON was predominantly observed. In 65% of patients with MOGAD (MOG-ONr), a recurrent course of ON was observed. VA was significantly lower in patients with AQP4-ON in acute phase and comparable to the MOG-ONr group in the long-term phase. VA in the onset of MOG-ON with a single episode was comparable to that of MS/iDON (p=0.2), but recovery was less pronounced (p=0.03). The most significant thinning of the RNFL and RGC complex was observed in the AQP4-ON and MOG-ONr groups. In AQP4-ON and MOG-ON groups, restoration of VA up to 0.5 and higher was observed significantly more frequently in the group of patients receiving pulse therapy with glucocorticoids (p=0.018).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study showed the most pronounced structural and functional disturbances in the long-term phase of AQP4-ON and MOG-ONr. MOG-ON was characterized by a high frequency of relapses with the influence of this factor on VA and thinning of the retinal layers in the long-term.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Открытие антител к аквапорину-4 (aquaporin-4, AQP4) и к миелин-олигодендроцитарному гликопротеину (myelinoligodendrocyteglycoprotein, MOG) подтвердило существование двух нозологических единиц, отличных от рассеянного склероза (РС) — заболевания спектра оптиконевромиелита (ЗСОНМ) и заболевания, ассоциированного с антителами к миелин-олигодендроцитарному гликопротеину (МОГАЗ). Демиелинизирующий оптический неврит (ОН) может как быть идиопатическим (ИДОН), так и выступать в качестве проявления РС, ЗСОНМ (AQP4-OH) или МОГАЗ (MOG-ОН).</p><p>Цель исследования — определить клинические особенности ОН и оценить диагностическую значимость оптической когерентной томографии (ОКТ) при демиелинизирующих заболеваниях центральной нервной системы.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. В исследование вошли 43 пациента с демиелинизирующим ОН, которые были разделены на три группы согласно основному заболеванию (ЗСОНМ, МОГАЗ и РС/ИДОН). Проводили оценку остроты зрения (ОЗ) в остром периоде, а также анализ ОЗ и средних значений толщины слоя нервных волокон сетчатки (СНВС) и комплекса ганглиозных клеток сетчатки (ГКС) по данным ОКТ через 6 мес после дебюта ОН.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. ОН в дебюте заболевания наблюдали у75% пациентов с ЗСОНМ, 62% с МОГАЗ и 86% с РС/ИДОН. В группах МОГАЗ и ЗСОНМ было отмечено преобладание двустороннего ОН. Ремиттирующее течение ОН было зарегистрировано у 65% пациентов c МОГАЗ (подгруппа MOG-ОНр). ОЗ у пациентов с AQP4-OH была значимо ниже в остром периоде и сравнима в отдаленном периоде с подгруппой MOG-ОНр. ОЗ в дебюте MOG-ОН с единственным эпизодом была сопоставима с РС/ИДОН (р=0,2), однако ее восстановление было менее выраженным (р=0,03). Наиболее значимое истончение СНВС и комплекса ГКС отмечено в группе AQP4-OH и подгруппе MOG-ОНр. При AQP4-OH и MOG-ОН восстановление ОЗ до 0,5 и выше значимо чаще наблюдали в группе пациентов, которым проводили пульс-терапию глюкокортикоидами (р=0,018).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В ходе исследования были выявлены наиболее выраженные структурно-функциональные нарушения в отдаленном периоде AQP4-OH и MOG-ОНр. Особенностью MOG-ОН была высокая частота ремиттирующего течения, с влиянием этого фактора на показатель ОЗ и истончение слоев сетчатки в отдаленном периоде.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>оптический неврит</kwd><kwd>заболевание спектра оптиконевромиелита</kwd><kwd>расстройство</kwd><kwd>ассоциированное с наличием антител к миелиновым олигодендроцитарным гликопротеинам</kwd><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>демиелинизирующие заболевания</kwd><kwd>оптическая когерентная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>optic neuritis</kwd><kwd>neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders</kwd><kwd>a disease associated with the presence of antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoproteins</kwd><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>demyelinating diseases</kwd><kwd>optical coherence tomography</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petzold A, Fraser CL, Abegg M, et al. 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