nnpNeurology, Neuropsychiatry, PsychosomaticsНеврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика2074-27112310-1342"IMA-Press", LLC10.14412/2074-2711-2024-2-47-53nnp-2224Research ArticleCLINICAL OBSERVATIONSКЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯDiagnosis of Alzheimer's disease by using biological markers in posterior cortical atrophyДиагностика болезни Альцгеймера с использованием биологических маркеров при синдроме задней корковой атрофииhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2424-3245ГришинаД. А.GrishinaD. A.

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1

11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021

dstepkina@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0004-6690-4501ХаялиеваН. А.KhayalievaN. A.

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1

11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3524-3494ГринюкВ. В.GrinyukV. V.

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1

11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021

https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3713-7445ТюринаА. Ю.TyurinaA. Yu.

119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1

11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021

Клиника нервных болезней им. А. Я. Кожевникова, кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н. В. Склифосовского ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)РоссияA.Ya. Kozhevnikov Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia (Sechenov University)Russian Federation2024190420241624753Copyright © Grishina D.A., Khayalieva N.A., Grinyuk V.V., Tyurina A.Y., 20242024Гришина Д.А., Хаялиева Н.А., Гринюк В.В., Тюрина А.Ю.Grishina D.A., Khayalieva N.A., Grinyuk V.V., Tyurina A.Y.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2224

The use of biological markers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) allows diagnosis at the stage of moderate cognitive impairment and atypical course of the disease. We present two clinical cases of patients with posterior cortical atrophy (PCA), characterized by progressive impairment of visual and spatial functions due to atrophy of the parietal and occipital lobes of the brain. A differential diagnosis was made between AD, corticobasal degeneration and other diseases in which PCA syndrome occurs. In the cases observed, the patients showed a significant decrease in the level of beta-amyloid in the cerebrospinal fluid, which allowed the diagnosis of AD to be made. Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of PCA syndrome are discussed. At present, the diagnosis of AD at the stage of moderate cognitive impairment and mild dementia is of practical importance, as anti-amyloid therapy can prevent the progression of AD.

Использование биологических маркеров болезни Альцгеймера (БА) позволяет поставить диагноз на стадии умеренных когнитивных нарушений и при нетипичном течении заболевания. Представлены два клинических наблюдения пациентов с синдромом задней корковой атрофии (ЗКА), характеризующимся прогрессирующим нарушением зрительно-пространственных функций вследствие атрофии теменной и затылочной долей головного мозга. Проводилась дифференциальная диагностика между БА, кортикобазальной дегенерацией и другими заболеваниями, при которых возникает синдром ЗКА. В наблюдаемых случаях у пациентов выявлено значительное снижение содержания бета-амилоида в цереброспинальной жидкости, что позволило установить диагноз БА. Обсуждаются клинические проявления, вопросы диагностики и лечения синдрома ЗКА. В настоящее время диагностика БА на стадии умеренных когнитивных нарушений и легкой деменции имеет практическое значение, потому что возможна антиамилоидная терапия для профилактики прогрессирования БА.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.