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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2024-1-49-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cortisol as a cerebral cortex neurons apoptosis regulator in acute phase of ischemic stroke (clinical and pathological study)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Кортизол как фактор, определяющий регуляцию апоптоза нейронов коры головного мозга в остром периоде ишемического инсульта (клинико-патоморфологическое исследование)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0083-1213</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергеева</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeeva</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovitianova St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetlanapalna@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2413-7311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савин</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savin</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>20, Delegatskaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0151-9114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвицкий</surname><given-names>П. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvitsky</surname><given-names>P. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2, Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3910-8831</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачева</surname><given-names>Л. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbacheva</surname><given-names>L. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovitianova St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0102-5491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Люндуп</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lyundup</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1;117198, Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovitianova St., Moscow 117997;6, Miklukho-Maklaya St., Moscow 117198</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9321-9102</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бреславич</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Breslavich</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovitianova St., Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3557-8780</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савин</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savin</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>127473, Москва, ул. Делегатская, 20, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>20, Delegatskaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 127473</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов им. Патриса Лумумбы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Sergeeva S.P., Savin A.A., Litvitsky P.F., Gorbacheva L.R., Lyundup A.V., Breslavich I.D., Savin L.A., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сергеева С.П., Савин А.А., Литвицкий П.Ф., Горбачева Л.Р., Люндуп А.В., Бреславич И.Д., Савин Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sergeeva S.P., Savin A.A., Litvitsky P.F., Gorbacheva L.R., Lyundup A.V., Breslavich I.D., Savin L.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2182">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2182</self-uri><abstract><p>In response to ischemic stroke (IS) a natural activation of the stress-realizing system occurs. The features of this activation influence the outcome of the acute period and the prognosis of recovery and can be adjusted. At the same time, the role of the stress-realizing system in the pathogenesis of IS is still unexplored.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to investigate the effect of peripheral blood cortisol concentration on the regulation of apoptosis of neurons of the cerebral cortex in the acute phase of IS.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A prospective clinical and pathological study was performed. It included 9 patients with IS in the left middle cerebral artery territory who were admitted to hospital and died in the hyperacute phase of IS and had no infectious complications, allergic reactions or oncological diseases and who did not undergo thrombolysis. The cerebral cortex was examined. Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), protein 53 (p53), caspase 3, caspase 8, Fas receptor (CD95), and Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2 (FAIM2) were determined on the slices using an indirect immunoperoxidase immunohistochemical staining method. A total of 567 microscopic fields were analysed for the group of patients with IS and 63 fields for the control group (three people). Before death, the blood concentrations of sFas, sFasL, cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone, adrenaline and norepinephrine were determined by enzyme immunoassay (the control group consisted of 28 people).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Significant correlation was found between the proportion of casp3-positive neurons and the concentration of cortisol in peripheral blood in zones 2 (r=0.263; p&lt;0.01) and 3 (r=0.383; p&lt;0.01). In the 2nd zone, significant negative correlation was found with the concentrations of sFas (r=-0.177; p&lt;0.05) and sFasL (r=-0.164; p&lt;0.05); in the 3rd zone, significant positive correlation was found with the ratio of the concentrations of sFasL and sFas (r=0.240; p&lt;0.01). The proportion of Fas-positive neurons in the cerebral cortex correlated significantly with the concentration of the soluble form of this molecule (for the 1st zone – r=0.222, for the 2nd zone – r=0.438, for the 3rd zone – r=0.289; p&lt;0.01) and the ratio of the concentrations of sFasL and sFas (respectively: r=0.231, r=0.266 and r=0.281; p&lt;0.01) in the peripheral blood.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Peripheral blood cortisol concentration is a factor that determines the regulation of apoptosis of neurons in the cerebral cortex in the acute phase of IS.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В ответ на развитие ишемического инсульта (ИИ) происходит закономерная активация стресс-реализующей системы. Особенности ее активации влияют на исход острого периода, прогноз восстановления и могут быть скорректированы. При этом остается неизученным вопрос роли стресс-реализующей системы в патогенезе ИИ.</p><p>Цель исследования – изучить влияние концентрации кортизола периферической крови на регуляцию апоптоза нейронов коры головного мозга в остром периоде ИИ.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Проведено проспективное клинико-патоморфологическое исследование, в которое были включены 9 пациентов с ИИ в бассейне левой средней мозговой артерии, поступивших в стационар и умерших в острейшем периоде ИИ при отсутствии инфекционных осложнений, аллергических реакций, онкологических заболеваний и которым не был проведен тромболизис. Исследовали кору головного мозга. На срезах непрямым иммунопероксидазным иммуногистохимическим методом выявляли нейронспецифическую енолазу (neuronspecificenolase, NSE), белок p53 (protein 53, p53), каспазу 3 (casp3), каспазу 8 (casp8), Fas-рецептор (CD95), Fas-лиганд (CD178), Fas-апоптоз-ингибиторную молекулу 2 (Fas apoptotic inhibitory molecule 2, FAIM2). Всего обработано 567 полей зрения для группы пациентов после ИИ и 63 поля зрения для группы контроля (три человека). До наступления летального исхода в крови методом иммуноферментного анализа были определены концентрации растворимых форм лиганда (sFasL) и рецептора (sFas) Fas, кортизола, адренокортикотропного гормона, адреналина, норадреналина (группу контроля составили 28 человек).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлены значимые корреляционные связи доли casp3-позитивных нейронов с концентрацией в периферической крови кортизола в зонах 2 (r=0,263; р&lt;0,01) и 3 (r=0,383; р&lt;0,01). В зоне 2 отмечены значимые отрицательные корреляционные связи с концентрациями sFas (r=-0,177; р&lt;0,05) и sFasL (r=-0,164; р&lt;0,05), в зоне 3 – значимые положительные корреляционные связи с соотношением концентраций sFasL и sFas (r=0,240; р&lt;0,01). Доля Fas-позитивных нейронов в коре головного мозга значимо коррелировала с концентрацией растворимой формы этой молекулы (для зоны 1 – r=0,222, для зоны 2 – r=0,438, для зоны 3 – r=0,289; р&lt;0,01) и соотношением концентраций sFasL и sFas (соответственно r=0,231, r=0,266 и r=0,281; р&lt;0,01) в периферической крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Концентрация кортизола в периферической крови является фактором, определяющим регуляцию апоптоза нейронов коры головного мозга в остром периоде ИИ.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>апоптоз</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd><kwd>кортизол</kwd><kwd>адренокортикотропный гормон</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>адреналин</kwd><kwd>норадреналин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>apoptosis</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd><kwd>cortisol</kwd><kwd>adrenocorticotropic hormone</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>adrenaline</kwd><kwd>norepinephrine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ризаев ЖА, Хайдаров НК. Клиническое, эпидемиологическое и этиопатогенетическое исследование ишемического инсульта. Журнал неврологии и нейрохирургических исследований. 2020;1(1):11-5. doi: 10.26739/2181-0982-2020-1-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rizaev JA, Khaydarov NK. 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