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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2023-4-105-111</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2067</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Pharmaconutraceutical Chondroguard®TRIO – chondroprotector with immunomodulatory activity</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Фармаконутрицевтик Хондрогард®ТРИО – хондропротектор, обладающий  иммуномодулирующим действием</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3726-0730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шавловская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shavlovskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Александровна Шавловская</p><p>105062, Москва, Фурманный пер., 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga Aleksandrovna Shavlovskaya</p><p>8, Furmannyy lane, Build. 2, Moscow 105062</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shavlovskaya@1msmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0928-2054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юхновская</surname><given-names>Ю. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yukhnovskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2, Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0874-2834</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романов</surname><given-names>И. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanov</surname><given-names>I. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111675, Москва, ул. Дмитриевского, 11</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>11, Dmitrievskogo St., Moscow 111675</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1640-1605</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бокова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bokova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>8, Trubetskaya St., Build. 2, Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>АНО ВО «Международный университет восстановительной медицины»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>International University of Restorative Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» &#13;
Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Сеть медицинских центров «МД-Клиник»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>“MD-Clinic” medical centers</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>111</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Shavlovskaya O.A., Yukhnovskaya Y.D., Romanov I.D., Bokova I.A., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шавловская О.А., Юхновская Ю.Д., Романов И.Д., Бокова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shavlovskaya O.A., Yukhnovskaya Y.D., Romanov I.D., Bokova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2067">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2067</self-uri><abstract><p>Understanding the major pathological pathways and the key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory processes in joints, particularly in osteoarthritis (OA), is crucial for drug and pharmaconutraceuticals development. OA is a degenerative joint disease that predominantly affects articular cartilage. Destruction of hyaline cartilage and restructuring of subchondral bone are accompanied by synovial inflammation in the joint, including the facet joint of the spine, manifested by pain in the joint, low back pain (LBP), and limitation of functional activity. The article discusses the relationship between immune and inflammatory mechanisms in OA of any location, including the joints of the spine. One of the mechanisms for the formation of a “vicious circle of inflammation” during the activation of discoidin receptors by endogenous type II collagen is discussed, leading to the induction of the synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators: tumor necrosis factor α(TNFα), metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1 and 13, interleukins (IL) 1 and 6. Inflammation, in turn, leads to a decrease in the synthesis and destruction of endogenous type II collagen and, subsequently, to cartilage destruction. Cartilage fragments entering the joint space of the intercellular matrix enhance the synthesis of TNFα, IL, and MMP and exacerbate the inflammatory process. Oral ingestion of exogenous undenatured type II collagen(NK-II) helps, first, to inactivate the binding of fragments of destroyed endogenous type II collagen to discoidin receptors and to break the "vicious circle of inflammation"; secondly, through the mechanism of oral/intestinal tolerance via the lymphoid system in Peyer's patches of the small intestine, leads to the activation of immune cells (T-lymphocytes) and initiation of the immune response – the synthesis of anti-inflammatory mediators (transforming growth factor β, IL4 and IL10). The new pharmaconutraceutical Chondroguard®TRIO, which contains chondroprotectors (chondroitin sulfate and glucosamine sulfate) as well as NK-II, will make it possible to influence the key sites of the pathological process in OA.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Понимание основных патологических сигнальных путей и знание ключевых молекул, участвующих в патогенезе воспалительных процессов в суставах, в частности при остеоартрите (ОА), имеют решающее значение для разработки лекарственных средств и фармаконутрицевтиков. ОА представляет собой дегенеративное заболевание суставов, которое преимущественно поражает суставной хрящ. Деструкция гиалинового хряща и перестройка в субхондральной кости сопровождаются синовиальным воспалением в суставе, в том числе в фасеточном суставе позвоночника, что проявляется болевым синдромом в суставе, болью в нижней части спины (БНЧС), ограничением функциональной активности. В статье рассматриваются взаимоотношения иммунных и воспалительных механизмов формирования ОА любой локализации, включая суставы позвоночника. Обсуждается один из механизмов формирования «порочного круга воспаления» при активации дискоидиновых рецепторов эндогенным коллагеном II типа, ведущий к индукции синтеза провоспалительных медиаторов: фактора некроза опухоли α(ФНОα), металлопротеиназ (ММП) 1 и 13, интерлейкинов (ИЛ) 1 и 6. В свою очередь, воспаление ведет к снижению синтеза и разрушению эндогенного коллагена II типа и впоследствии – к разрушению хряща. Фрагменты хряща, попадая в суставное пространство межклеточного матрикса, усиливают синтез ФНОα, ИЛ, ММП, усугубляя воспалительный процесс. Пероральное применение экзогенного неденатурированного коллагена II типа (НК-II), во-первых, способствует инактивации связывания фрагментов разрушенного эндогенного коллагена II типа с дискоидиновыми рецепторами и разрыву «порочного круга воспаления»; во-вторых, посредством механизма оральной/кишечной толерантности через лимфоидную систему в пейеровых бляшках тонкого кишечника ведет к активации иммунных клеток (Т-лимфоцитов) и запуску иммунного ответа – синтезу противовоспалительных медиаторов (трансформирующий фактор роста β, ИЛ4 и ИЛ10). Новый фармаконутрицевтик Хондрогард®ТРИО, в состав которого, помимо хондропротекторов (хондроитина сульфат и глюкозамина сульфат), входит НК-II, позволит воздействовать на ключевые звенья патологического процесса при ОА.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>остеоартрит</kwd><kwd>боль в нижней части спины</kwd><kwd>фармаконутрицевтик</kwd><kwd>хондроитина сульфат</kwd><kwd>глюкозамина сульфат</kwd><kwd>неденатурированный коллаген II типа</kwd><kwd>Хондрогард®ТРИО</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>osteoarthritis</kwd><kwd>low back pain</kwd><kwd>pharmaconutraceutical</kwd><kwd>chondroitin sulfate</kwd><kwd>glucosamine sulfate</kwd><kwd>undenatured type II collagen</kwd><kwd>Chondrogard®TRIO</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья опубликована при поддержке компании ЗАО «ФармФирма «Сотекс».</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">WHO: Musculoskeletal health. 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