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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2023-4-31-37</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2057</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Cerebral ischemic events in patients with infective endocarditis: results of a single center retrospective study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Церебральные ишемические события у пациентов с инфекционным эндокардитом:  результаты одноцентрового ретроспективного исследования</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2670-4172</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дёмин</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demin</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414011, Астрахань, ул. Покровcкая Роща, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Pokrovskaya Rosha St., Astrakhan 414011</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6061-8118</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулеш</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulesh</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Александрович Кулеш</p><p>614990, Пермь, ул. Петропавловская, 26</p><p>614107, Пермь, ул. КИМ, 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>26, Petropavlovskaya St., Perm 614990</p><p>2, KIM St., Perm 614107</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aleksey.kulesh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-3104</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Энгиноев</surname><given-names>С. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Enginoev</surname><given-names>S. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414011, Астрахань, ул. Покровcкая Роща, 4</p><p>414000, Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, 121</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Pokrovskaya Rosha St., Astrakhan 414011</p><p>121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan 414000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1506-179X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демецкая</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demetskaya</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414011, Астрахань, ул. Покровcкая Роща, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Pokrovskaya Rosha St., Astrakhan 414011</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7097-296X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дёмина</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demina</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414011, Астрахань, ул. Покровcкая Роща, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Pokrovskaya Rosha St., Astrakhan 414011</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9534-3843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лежикова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lezhikov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414011, Астрахань, ул. Покровcкая Роща, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Pokrovskaya Rosha St., Astrakhan 414011</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9065-1189</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапошникова</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shaposhnikova</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414011, Астрахань, ул. Покровcкая Роща, 4</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Pokrovskaya Rosha St., Astrakhan 414011</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2400-8045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стомпель</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stompel</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>414011, Астрахань, ул. Покровcкая Роща, 4</p><p>414000, Астрахань, ул. Бакинская, 121</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>4, Pokrovskaya Rosha St., Astrakhan 414011</p><p>121, Bakinskaya St., Astrakhan 414000</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Пермский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. Е.А. Вагнера» Минздрава России; &#13;
ГАУЗ ПК «Городская клиническая больница №4»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Acad. E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; City Clinical Hospital Four</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии» Минздрава России; ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery, Ministry of Health of Russia; Astrakhan State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>4</issue><elocation-id>31–37</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Demin D.A., Kulesh A.A., Enginoev S.T., Demetskaya V.V., Demina E.V., Lezhikov M.V., Shaposhnikova E.I., Stompel D.R., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дёмин Д.А., Кулеш А.А., Энгиноев С.Т., Демецкая В.В., Дёмина Е.В., Лежикова М.В., Шапошникова Е.И., Стомпель Д.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Demin D.A., Kulesh A.A., Enginoev S.T., Demetskaya V.V., Demina E.V., Lezhikov M.V., Shaposhnikova E.I., Stompel D.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2057">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2057</self-uri><abstract><p>Cerebral ischemic events, including ischemic stroke (IS) and transient ischemic attack (TIA), are among the most common extracardiac complications of infective endocarditis (IE).</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate cerebral ischemic events (prevalence, clinical and neuroimaging characteristics, predictors, prognosis) in patients with “left-sided” IE, who underwent cardiac surgery, according to the registry of the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. A retrospective review of data from the hospital information system was performed in one of the federal centers for cardiovascular surgery of the Russian Ministry of Health. Inclusion criteria in the study: age of patients ≥18 years, significant or probable (Duke criteria) IE of the left heart – aortic and/or mitral valves. Patients with isolated right heart IE (tricuspid valve, pacemaker-associated endocarditis), nonbacterial thromboendocarditis, and chronic IE were excluded from the study. For the analysis, 222 cases of IE in 216 patients were used. IS was observed in 43 (19.4%) patients with “left-sided” IE, TIA – in 4 (1.8%). In 2/3 of cases, patients suffered a minor stroke (NIHSS &lt;5), while every fifth patient had symptoms of encephalopathy. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of cerebral embolism. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each of the significant risk factors, and time to first clinical event (death) was estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. On neuroimaging in IE, the following signs were frequently detected: involvement of different cerebral vascular territories (65.1%), multifocal (≥1 focus) infarcts (74.4%), hemorrhagic transformation (37.2%). Cortical and/or subcortical distribution of infarcts was observed in 97.7% of patients. According to multivariate analysis, IS and TIA were predicted by vegetations &gt;10 mm (OR 3.552; 95% CI 1.066–11.8463; p=0.039), mobile vegetations (OR 6.112; 95% CI 1.105–33.784; p=0.038) and multiple vegetations (OR 5.2 08, 95% CI 1.189–22.805, p=0.029). The impact of cerebral embolism on prognosis (in-hospital and long-term mortality) in patients undergoing cardiac surgery was not established.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. According to the neuroimaging data, cerebral infarcts in IE correspond to the main signs of cardioembolism. The characteristics of the vegetations (size &gt;10 mm, mobility, multiplicity) are a crucial indicator of the embolic potential of IE.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Церебральные ишемические события, включающие ишемический инсульт (ИИ) и транзиторную ишемическую атаку (ТИА), относятся к самым частым экстракардиальным осложнениям инфекционного эндокардита (ИЭ).</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить церебральные ишемические события (распространенность, клинические и нейровизуализационные характеристики, предикторы, прогноз) у пациентов с «левосторонним» ИЭ, прошедших кардиохирургическое лечение, по данным регистра федерального центра сердечно-сосудистой хирургии.</p><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Ретроспективный обзор данных из госпитальной информационной системы был проведен в одном из федеральных центров сердечно-сосудистой хирургии Минздрава России. Критерии включения в исследование: возраст пациентов ≥18 лет, достоверный или вероятный (критерии Duke) ИЭ левых отделов сердца – аортальный и/или митральный клапаны. В исследование не включались пациенты с изолированным ИЭ правых отделов сердца (трикуспидальный клапан, эндокардит, ассоциированный с имплантацией электрокардиостимулятора), небактериальным тромбэндокардитом и хроническим ИЭ. Для анализа было использовано 222 случая ИЭ у 216 пациентов. ИИ наблюдался у 43 (19,4%) пациентов с «левосторонним» ИЭ, ТИА – у 4 (1,8%). В 2/3 случаев пациенты перенесли малый инсульт (NIHSS &lt;5), при этом у каждого пятого пациента отмечались симптомы энцефалопатии. Для определения предикторов церебральных эмболий использовали логистическую регрессию. Отношения шансов (ОШ) с 95% доверительными интервалами (ДИ) были рассчитаны для каждого из значимых факторов риска. Время до первого клинического события (летального исхода) было оценено с использованием метода Каплана–Майера.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По данным нейровизуализации при ИЭ часто определялись следующие признаки: поражение разных бассейнов (65,1%), многоочаговые (≥1 очага) инфаркты (74,4%), геморрагическая трансформация (37,2%). Кортикальное и/или субкортикальное распределение инфарктов наблюдалось у 97,7% пациентов. По данным многофакторного анализа, предикторами ИИ и ТИА выступили вегетации &gt;10 мм (ОШ 3,552; 95% ДИ 1,066–11,8463; p=0,039), мобильные вегетации (ОШ 6,112; 95% ДИ 1,105–33,784; p=0,038) и множественные вегетации (ОШ 5,208; 95% ДИ 1,189–22,805; p=0,029). Влияния церебральных эмболий на прогноз (госпитальная и отдаленная летальность) у пациентов, прошедших кардиохирургическое лечение, выявлено не было.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. По данным нейровизуализации церебральные инфаркты при ИЭ соответствуют основным признакам кардиоэмболии. Характеристики вегетаций (размер &gt;10 мм, мобильность, множественность) являются определяющим показателем эмбологенного потенциала ИЭ.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>инфекционный эндокардит</kwd><kwd>неврологические осложнения</kwd><kwd>инсульт</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>infective endocarditis</kwd><kwd>neurological complications</kwd><kwd>stroke</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garcia-Cabrera E, Fernandez-Hidalgo N,Almirante B, et al; Group for the Study of Cardiovascular Infections of the Andalusian Society of Infectious Diseases; Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases. Neurological complications of infective endocarditis: risk factors, outcome, and impact of cardiac surgery: a multicenter observational study. 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