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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2023-2-106-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-2002</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Vascular cognitive impairment: issues of diagnosis and treatment</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сосудистые когнитивные нарушения: вопросы диагностики и лечения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9467-6244</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Локшина</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lokshina</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aloksh@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2424-3245</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гришина</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grishina</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8447-3264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаров</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Nervous Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine </p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 1, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Lokshina A.B., Grishina D.A., Zakharov V.V., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Локшина А.Б., Гришина Д.А., Захаров В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lokshina A.B., Grishina D.A., Zakharov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2002">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/2002</self-uri><abstract><p>Vascular brain diseases are one of the leading causes of death and disability in developed countries. Along with acute disturbance of cerebral circulation, chronic cerebrovascular diseases, which manifest as vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), are of great medical and social importance. VCIs include a wide range of cognitive impairments (CI) ranging from subjective CI to vascular and mixed dementia. The article discusses pathogenetic and clinical variants, approaches to the diagnosis of VCIs, and provides their modern classification. The features of CI, typical for chronic cerebrovascular insufficiency, are described, such as a slowdown in the rate of mental activity and disorders of frontal executive functions in combination with behavioral and emotional disorders. The issues of treatment of VCI are discussed, which should be comprehensive and include correction of the underlying vascular disease, non-drug (regular physical activity, smoking cessation, cognitive training) and drug treatments aimed at improving cognitive functions. The possibilities of modern neuroprotective and symptomatic therapy of CI, including the use of Cellex®, are shown.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Сосудистые заболевания головного мозга являются одной из ведущих причин смертности и инвалидизации в развитых странах. Наряду с острыми нарушениями мозгового кровообращения большое медико-социальное значение имеют и хронические цереброваскулярные заболевания, которые проявляются сосудистыми когнитивными нарушениями (СКН). СКН включают в себя широкий спектр когнитивных нарушений (КН) – от субъективных КН до сосудистой и смешанной деменции. В статье рассмотрены патогенетические и клинические варианты, подходы к диагностике СКН, приведена их современная классификация. Описаны типичные для хронической сосудистой мозговой недостаточности особенности КН, такие как замедление темпа психической деятельности и нарушения лобных управляющих функций в сочетании с поведенческими и эмоциональными расстройствами. Обсуждаются вопросы лечения СКН, которое должно быть комплексным и включать коррекцию базисного сосудистого заболевания, немедикаментозные (регулярная физическая активность, отказ от курения, когнитивный тренинг) и медикаментозные методы лечения, направленные на улучшение когнитивных функций. Показаны возможности современной нейропротективной и симптоматической терапии КН, включая использование препарата Целлекс®.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>сосудистые когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>сосудистая деменция</kwd><kwd>умеренные сосудистые когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>нейропротективная терапия</kwd><kwd>Целлекс®.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>vascular cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>vascular dementia</kwd><kwd>mild vascular cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>neuroprotective therapy</kwd><kwd>Cellex®</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dementia. Comprehensive Principles and Practice. Oxford University Press; 2014. P. 377-83, 432-48. doi: 10.1093/med/9780199928453.001.0001</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dementia. 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