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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2022-1S-29-33</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1850</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Free circulating miRNA as a potential diagnostic marker in multiple sclerosis (review)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Свободная циркулирующая микроРНК как потенциальный диагностический маркер при рассеянном склерозе</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6744-2191</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Омарова</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Omarova</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1, стр. 10 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117997</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova St., Build. 10, Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6587-1243</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козин</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozin</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Сергеевич Козин </p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p><p>121552, Москва, ул. 3-я Черепковская, 15а </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim Sergeevich Kozin </p><p>1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117997</p><p>15A, Third Cherepkovskaya St., Moscow 121552</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kozinmax1992@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2975-4151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1, стр. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117997</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova St., Build. 10, Moscow 117997</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Федеральный центр мозга и нейротехнологий» ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; Federal Center for Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России; ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр кардиологии им. акад. Е.И. Чазова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia; National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>08</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1S</issue><issue-title>Спецвыпуск: рассеянный склероз</issue-title><fpage>29</fpage><lpage>33</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Omarova M.A., Kozin M.S., Boyko A.N., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Омарова М.А., Козин М.С., Бойко А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Omarova M.A., Kozin M.S., Boyko A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1850">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1850</self-uri><abstract><p>Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which bathes the entire central nervous system and is often in direct contact with the site of injury, can serve as a valuable source of biomarkers for various conditions of the nervous system. At the same time, miRNAs, small noncoding RNAs involved in posttranscriptional regulation of the expression of protein coding genes, are known to be present in CSF and can be considered as potential markers. Currently, in the literature several studies have been published on the assessment of differences in the concentration of miRNAs in the CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and patients with other neurological diseases (OND), as well as the possibility of using miRNAs as prognostic markers to assess the likelihood of transition from radiologically and clinically isolated syndromes (RIS and CIS respectively) to MS.An analysis of the existing works on the possibility of using miRNAs for the diagnosis of MS and the prediction of its course was carried out.The search for articles on the association of CSF microRNA with the development of MS was carried out using PubMed, Elsevier, Medline, Google Scholar resources. The original articles were used for the analysis. In each article, data on miRNAs in the CSF of patients with MS, CIS, and individuals with RIS were selected.When comparing the content of microRNA in CSF in the MS and OND groups, in patients with MS was found an increase in the content of miR-181c, miR-633, miR-150, miR-328, miR-30a-5p, miR-645, miR-922 and a decrease in miR-21, miR-199a-3p, miR-191, miR-365, miR-106a, miR- 146a; miR-219 was absent in the CSF of patients with MS. In a similar comparison in the CIS and OND groups, patients with CIS showed an increase in the concentration of miR-150; when compared between groups of patients with CIS who subsequently developed RMS – remitting multiple sclerosis, and those who had CIS for a long time, the following results were obtained: for the CIS-RMS group, an increase in the concentration of miR-922, miR-181c was characteristic. When compared in the RIS-MS and RIS-RIS groups, in the RIS-MS group (transition over 5 years of observation), an increase in the content of miR-144-3p, miR-448, miR-653-3p was noted. When compared in the groups of RMS and secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, patients with RMS showed an increase in the concentration of miR-181c, miR-633. When compared in the MS Gd+ and Gd- groups, the MS Gd+ group was characterized by a higher content of miR-21, miR-146a/b. When comparing the groups of RMS and primary progressive multiple sclerosis an increase in the level of let-7b-5p was noted in the RMS group, and when compared in the groups of RMS in the acute stage and RMS in remission, a decrease in the concentration of this miRNA was noted in the group with exacerbations, from which it was concluded that let-7b-5p may be a protective factor in MS. Also of interest is the fact that the therapeutic response of patients with low levels of miR-142-3p in CSF to dimethyl fumarate was higher than in patients with high levels of miR-142-3p.The data published so far allow us to conclude that miRNA can indeed be a promising marker for diagnosing and predicting the course of MS. However, these studies are currently in their infancy. At the moment, the entire pool of CSF microRNAs (miRNome) has not been studied for MS, including simultaneously using high-throughput methods, in particular the next generation sequencing (NGS) method. It is necessary to expand the microRNA pool, and further study of the subject using larger groups of patients and data from a longer follow-up period.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цереброспинальная жидкость (ЦСЖ), которая омывает всю центральную нервную систему и часто находится в прямом контакте с участком повреждения, может служить ценным источником биомаркеров различных состояний нервной системы. В то же время известно, что микроРНК – малые некодирующие РНК, участвующие в процессе посттранскрипционной регуляции экспрессии белок-кодирующих генов, – присутствуют в ЦСЖ и могут рассматриваться в качестве потенциальных маркеров. В настоящее время в литературе опубликовано несколько исследований, посвященных оценке различий концентрации микроРНК в ЦСЖ больных рассеянным склерозом (РС) и пациентов с другими неврологическими заболеваниями (ДНЗ), а также возможности использования микроРНК в качестве прогностических маркеров для оценки вероятности перехода радиологически и клинически изолированных синдромов (РИС и КИС соответственно) в РС.Проведен анализ уже имеющихся работ по вопросу возможности использования микроРНК для диагностики РС и прогнозирования его течения.Поиск статей по теме ассоциации ликворной микроРНК с развитием РС осуществлялся при помощи ресурсов PubMed, Elsevier, Medline, Google Scholar. Для анализа были использованы оригинальные статьи. В каждой статье отбирались данные о микроРНК в ликворе пациентов с РС, КИС и лиц с РИС.При сравнении содержания микроРНК в ЦСЖ в группах РС и ДНЗ у пациентов с РС выявлено повышение содержания miR-181c, miR-633, miR-150, miR-328, miR-30a-5p, miR-645, miR-922 и снижение – miR-21, miR-199a-3p, miR-191, miR-365, miR-106a, miR-146a; miR-219 в ликворе пациентов с РС отсутствовал. При аналогичном сравнении в группах КИС и ДНЗ у пациентов с КИС отмечено повышение концентрации miR-150; при сравнении между группами пациентов с КИС, у которых впоследствии развился ремиттирующий РС (РРС), и тех, у кого длительное время оставался КИС, получены следующие результаты: для группы КИС–РРС было характерно повышение концентрации miR-922, miR-181c. При сравнении в группах РИС–РС и РИС–РИС в группе РИС–РС (переход за 5 лет наблюдения) отмечалось повышение содержания miR-144-3p, miR-448, miR-653-3p. При сравнении в группах РРС и вторично-прогрессирующего РС у пациентов с РРС отмечено повышение концентрации miR-181c, miR-633. При сравнении в группах РС Gd+ и Gd- группа РС Gd+ характеризовалась более высоким содержанием miR-21, miR-146a/b. При сравнении групп РРС и первично-прогрессирующего РС в группе РРС отмечено повышение уровня let-7b-5p, а при сравнении в группах РРС в стадии обострения и РРС в ремиссии в группе с обострениями отмечено снижение концентрации этой микроРНК, из чего был сделан вывод, что let-7b-5p может являться защитным фактором при РС. Также интересен факт, что терапевтический ответ пациентов с низким содержанием miR-142-3p в ЦСЖ на диметилфумарат был выше, чем у пациентов с высоким уровнем miR-142-3p.Опубликованные на настоящий момент данные позволяют заключить, что микроРНК действительно может быть перспективным маркером для диагностики и прогнозирования течения РС. Но в данное время эти исследования находятся в зачаточном состоянии. На текущий момент для РС не исследован весь пул микроРНК (miRNome) ЦСЖ, в том числе единовременно с помощью высокопроизводительных методов, в частности методом секвенирования нового поколения (next generation sequencing, NGS). Необходимо расширение пула микроРНК, дальнейшее исследование с использованием более крупных групп пациентов и данных более длительного периода наблюдения.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>радиологически изолированный синдром</kwd><kwd>клинически изолированный синдром</kwd><kwd>цереброспинальная жидкость</kwd><kwd>ликвор</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>radiologically isolated syndrome</kwd><kwd>clinically isolated syndrome</kwd><kwd>cerebrospinal fluid</kwd><kwd>liquor</kwd><kwd>miRNA</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств бюджетного финансирования на выполнение государственного задания по теме Российского научного фонда № 22-15-00284.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work received budget financing within Russian Science Foundation state task № 22-15-00284.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Beer S, Khan F, Kesselring J. 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