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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2022-2-64-70</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1786</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Changes in expression of miRNAs from the DLK1-DIO3 locus are characteristic of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis regardless of the disease activity</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Изменение экспрессии микроРНК из локуса DLK1-DIO3 характерно для ремиттирующего рассеянного склероза вне зависимости от стадии его течения</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8767-2958</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баулина</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baulina</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наталья Михайловна Баулина</p><p>Россия, 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia Mikhailovna Baulina</p><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tasha.baulina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0982-8520</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабаева</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabaeva</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2975-4151</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бойко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyko</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5271-6698</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фаворова</surname><given-names>О. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Favorova</surname><given-names>O. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Россия, 117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1, Ostrovityanov St., Moscow 117997, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Baulina N.M., Kabaeva A.R., Boyko A.N., Favorova O.O., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баулина Н.М., Кабаева А.Р., Бойко А.Н., Фаворова О.О.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baulina N.M., Kabaeva A.R., Boyko A.N., Favorova O.O.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1786">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1786</self-uri><abstract><p>The role of miRNAs – small, regulatory, noncoding RNAs – in the multiple sclerosis (MS) development is being intensively investigated. Previously, we the first who observed a significant increase in the expression of 26 microRNA genes localized in the DLK1-DIO3 locus in men with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), using RNA sequencing.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate the possible involvement of miRNAs in the regulation of the activity of the pathological process in RRMS by comparing the miRNA genes expression levels from this locus in patients in remission, relapse, and healthy individuals, separately for men and women.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. Analysis of miR-431-5p, miR-127-3p, miR-379, miR-376c, miR-381, miR-410 and miR-656-3p microRNA expression was performed by reverse transcription and subsequent real-time polymerase chain reaction in PBMCs of 16 patients in the relapse stage, 20 patients in remission who did not receive immunomodulatory drugs, and 20 healthy individuals.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The expression levels of all studied miRNAs did not differ in patients in remission and relapse stages, in men and women. At the same time, men (in remission and relapse) showed a significant increase in the levels of all miRNAs compared with healthy men; in women, no changes in expression were observed. A high level of correlation of miRNA expression from the DLK1-DIO3 locus was shown in both patients and healthy individuals from the control group, regardless of gender. Coexpression was observed not only for miRNA genes from the same cluster (14q32.2 or 14q32.31), but also for genes from different clusters.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The miRNAs genes from the DLK1-DIO3 locus are involved in the pathophysiology of RMS onset, but not in the processes associated with the transition from remission to relapses. The high consistency of miRNA expression, regardless of the localization of their genes within this region, suggests the presense of a common mechanism that regulates their transcription.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Роль микроРНК – малых регуляторных некодирующих РНК – в развитии рассеянного склероза (РС) интенсивно исследуется. Ра нее мы с помощью РНК-секвенирования впервые обнаружили значимое повышение экспрессии 26 генов микроРНК, локализованных в локусе DLK1-DIO3, у мужчин, больных ремиттирующим РС (РРС), в мононуклеарных клетках (МНК) крови.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить возможное участие микроРНК в регуляции активности патологического процесса при РРС путем сравнения уровней экспрессии генов микроРНК из этого локуса у больных в стадии ремиссии и обострения, а также у здоровых ин дивидов, раздельно для мужчин и женщин.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Анализ экспрессии микроРНК miR-431-5p, miR-127-3p, miR-379, miR-376c, miR-381, miR-410 и miR-656-3p проводили в МНК 16 больных в стадии обострения и 20 пациентов в стадии ремиссии, не принимавших иммуномодулирующие препараты, а также 20 здоровых индивидов методом обратной транскрипции и последующей полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Уровни экспрессии всех исследованных микроРНК не различались у больных в стадии ремиссии и обострения, у мужчин и женщин. В то же время у мужчин (в стадии ремиссии и обострения) выявлено значительное повышение уровней всех микроРНК при сравнении со здоровыми мужчинами; у женщин изменений в экспрессии не наблюдали. Показан высокий уровень корреляции экспрессии микроРНК из локуса DLK1-DIO3 как у больных, так и у здоровых лиц из контрольной группы вне зависимости от пола. Коэкспрессия наблюдалась не только для генов микроРНК из одного одного кластера (14q32.2 или 14q32.31), но и для генов из разных кластеров.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Гены микроРНК из локуса DLK1-DIO3 вовлечены в формирование патогенетических механизмов возникновения РРС, но не в процессы, связанные с переходом от ремиссии к обострению. Высокая согласованность экспрессии микроРНК вне зависимости от локализации их генов внутри этого региона предполагает существование общего механизма, регулирующего их транскрипцию.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рассеянный склероз</kwd><kwd>ремиссия</kwd><kwd>обострение</kwd><kwd>микроРНК</kwd><kwd>импринтированный локус DLK1-DIO3</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>multiple sclerosis</kwd><kwd>remission</kwd><kwd>relapse</kwd><kwd>miRNA</kwd><kwd>imprinted locus DLK1-DIO3</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа поддержана грантом РНФ № 20-75-00046</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was supported by the RSF grant No. 20-75-00046</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walton C, King R, Rechtman L, et al. 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