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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2022-1-104-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1758</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Multiple cranial neuropathies as a manifestation of paraneoplastic syndrome in thymoma</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Множественная невропатия черепных нервов как проявление паранеопластического синдрома при тимоме</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6824-4114</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамазанов</surname><given-names>Г. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramazanov</surname><given-names>G. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9750-3509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3104-7840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Идилова</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Idilova</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0007-8054</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанов</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanov</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5979-5667</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Измайлова</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izmailova</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3292-8789</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петриков</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrikov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129090, Москва, Большая Сухаревская пл., 3</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>ГБУЗ г. Москвы «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>104</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ramazanov G.R., Shevchenko E.V., Idilova L.I., Stepanov V.N., Izmailova A.M., Petrikov S.S., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рамазанов Г.Р., Шевченко Е.В., Идилова Л.И., Степанов В.Н., Измайлова А.М., Петриков С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ramazanov G.R., Shevchenko E.V., Idilova L.I., Stepanov V.N., Izmailova A.M., Petrikov S.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1758">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1758</self-uri><abstract><p>Neurological symptoms could be a manifestation of cancer both with direct involvement of the nervous system (tumor invasion, metastasis, compression of nerve tissue by neoplasm) and its mediated damage in patients with paraneoplastic syndromes. Neurological manifestations in this syndrome are more likely to cause neoplasms that produce neuroendocrine proteins (small-cell lung cancer, neuroblastoma) or involve immune system organs (thymomas, lymphomas, plasmacytomas). The paraneoplastic syndrome can be observed ahead of tumor detection and verification in some cases, so cancer screening can be a successful evaluation tactic in patients with neurological symptoms of undetermined etiology.</p><p>To illustrate this diagnostic approach, we present the clinical case of a patient with multiple cranial neuropathies as a malignant thymoma manifestation. Symptoms of multiple neuropathies developed in the 20-year-old woman within two months prior to hospitalization. The differential diagnosis included infectious, autoimmune, vascular diseases, diseases manifested by hyperostosis of the skull bones, and oncological diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain with contrast revealed a pathological accumulation of contrast in the oculomotor, trigeminal, vestibulocochlear, and vagus nerves. Computed tomography of the thorax and abdomen showed signs of neoplasms of the mediastinum, right lung, liver, right adrenal gland, and left kidney. Antemortem pathology study of the material obtained by Video-assisted thoracoscopic biopsy from a mediastinal neoplasm revealed a malignant thymoma.</p><p>Patients with multiple cranial neuropathies are often encountered in neurological practice. However, establishing the cause of this condition is a complex medical task due to many diseases with which it will be necessary to conduct a differential diagnosis.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Неврологические симптомы могут быть проявлением онкологического заболевания как при непосредственном вовлечении нервной системы (инвазия опухоли, метастазирование, компрессия нервной ткани новообразованием), так и при ее опосредованном повреждении у пациентов с паранеопластическими синдромами. Неврологические проявления при данном синдроме чаще вызывают новообразования, продуцирующие нейроэндокринные белки (мелкоклеточный рак легкого, нейробластома) или вовлекающие органы иммунной системы (тимомы, лимфомы, плазмоцитомы). Иногда паранеопластический синдром опережает выявление и верификацию опухоли, поэтому онкопоиск может быть успешной диагностической тактикой у пациентов с неврологическими симптомами неустановленный этиологии.</p><p>В качестве иллюстрации такого диагностического подхода в данной статье представлено клиническое наблюдение пациентки с множественной невропатией черепных нервов в дебюте злокачественной тимомы. Симптомы множественной невропатии развились у 20-летней пациентки в течение 2 мес, предшествующих госпитализации в стационар. Дифференциально-диагностический ряд включал в себя инфекционные, аутоиммунные, сосудистые заболевания, болезни, проявляющиеся гиперостозом костей черепа, а также онкологические заболевания. Магнитно-резонансная томография головного мозга с контрастным усилением выявила патологическое накопление контрастного вещества глазодвигательными, тройничными, преддверно-улитковыми и блуждающими нервами. При компьютерной томографии органов грудной и брюшной полости выявлены признаки новообразований средостения, правого легкого, печени, правого надпочечника и левой почки. Прижизненное патолого-анатомическое исследование материала, полученного с помощью видеоторакоскопической биопсии из новообразования средостения, выявило злокачественную тимому. Пациенты с множественными краниальными невропатиями нередко встречаются в неврологической практике. Установление причины данного состояния является сложной медицинской задачей ввиду большого количества заболеваний, с которыми будет необходимо провести дифференциальную диагностику. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>паранеопластический синдром</kwd><kwd>невропатия черепных нервов</kwd><kwd>краниальная невропатия</kwd><kwd>злокачественная тимома</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>paraneoplastic syndrome</kwd><kwd>multiple cranial neuropathies</kwd><kwd>cranial neuropathy</kwd><kwd>malignant thymoma</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чертоусова АЕ, Черникова ИВ. Паранеопластические синдромы в неврологии. Нервные болезни. 2018;(1):32-8. doi: 10.24411/2226-0757-2018-11995.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chertousova AE, Chernikova IV. 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