<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2022-1-45-51</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1749</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Validation of the Russian version of Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics – 9 items (SAVE-9) among healthcare workers during COVID-19 pandemic</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Валидация русскоязычной версии шкалы «Стресс и тревога во время вирусной эпидемии – 9-пунктный опросник» (SAVE-9) среди медицинских работников в период пандемии COVID-19</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2324-2814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мосолова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mosolova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119034, Москва, Кропоткинский пер., 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23, Kropotkinskiy per., Moscow 119034</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9798-3642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чанг</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chung</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>05505, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, 05505 Seoul</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2314-7174</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сосин</surname><given-names>Д. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sosin</surname><given-names>D. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5749-3964</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мосолов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mosolov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>119034, Москва, Кропоткинский пер., 23;</p><p>125993, Москва, ул. Баррикадная, 2/1, стр. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23, Kropotkinskiy per., Moscow 119034;</p><p>2/1, Barrikadnaya St., Build. 1, Moscow 125993</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Медицинский центр Асан, Медицинский колледж Ульсанского университета</institution><country>Южная Корея</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine</institution><country>Korea, Republic of</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и наркологии им. В.П. Сербского» Минздрава России;&#13;
ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.P. Serbsky National Medical Research Center of Psychiatry and Narcology, Ministry of Health of Russia;&#13;
Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>45</fpage><lpage>51</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Mosolova E.S., Chung S., Sosin D.N., Mosolov S.N., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мосолова Е.С., Чанг С., Сосин Д.Н., Мосолов С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mosolova E.S., Chung S., Sosin D.N., Mosolov S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1749">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1749</self-uri><abstract><p>Over the past two years, healthcare workers have been daily saving patients diagnosed with COVID-19 in life-threatening conditions. These circumstances contribute to an increase in the psychopathological disorders in this social group. However, today there is no validated questionnaire that allows to quickly and effectively identify the group of healthcare workers with high levels of stress and anxiety during the pandemic in Russia.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to validate the Russian version of Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemic scale (SAVE-9).</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The study was a cross-sectional online survey of 1090 frontline healthcare workers. Stress and anxiety symptoms were assessed using SAVE-9 and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales, respectively. Factor analysis with varimax rotation was performed to determine the internal structure of SAVE-9 scale. ROC-analysis was used to identify the validity of the SAVE-9 compared with GAD-7 and its cut-off score.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The principal component analysis showed a two-factor structure of SAVE-9. Factor 1 was associated with anxiety and somatic symptoms, factor 2 – with social stress. Cronbach's alpha=0,787. The total score of SAVE-9 with a high degree of confidence predicted the GAD-7 value in ROC-analysis. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.808; 95% confidence interval 0.768–0.847 (p=0.0001), which corresponded to the model's good quality. The appropriate cut-off score was determined as 18.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. We demonstrated the validity of the new SAVE-9 scale, which can be used as a specific screening method to detect high levels of anxiety and stress in healthcare workers during a viral outbreak. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>На протяжении последних двух лет медицинские работники ежедневно, рискуя жизнью, спасают пациентов, заболевших COVID19. В таких условиях одной из наиболее значимых проблем стал рост психопатологических нарушений в данной социальной группе. Однако на сегодняшний день в России не существует валидированного специфического опросника, позволяющего быстро и эффективно выявить медицинских работников c высоким уровнем стресса и тревоги в условиях эпидемии.</p><p>Цель исследования – валидация русскоязычной версии шкалы «Стресс и тревога во время вирусной эпидемии – 9-пунктный опросник» (Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics – 9 items, SAVE-9).</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Данное исследование представляет собой поперечный онлайн-опрос 1090 медицинских работников, находившихся в «красной зоне». Стресс и тревога оценивались с помощью шкалы SAVE-9 и Опросника генерализованного тревожного расстройства (ГТР-7) соответственно. Метод главных компонент с ротацией варимакс был проведен для оценки факторной структуры шкалы SAVE-9. Для изучения валидности шкалы SAVE-9 по сравнению с ГТР-7, а также для определения оптимальной границы отсечения использовалась ROC-модель.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Метод главных компонент показал двухфакторную структуру шкалы SAVE-9. Фактор 1 был ассоциирован с тревогой и соматическими симптомами, фактор 2 – с социальным стрессом. Альфа Кронбаха равнялась 0,787. По результатам ROC-анализа общий балл по шкале SAVE-9 c высокой степенью значимости предсказывал значение по шкале ГТР-7. Площадь под кривой (AUC) составляла 0,808; 95% доверительный интервал 0,768–0,847 (p=0,0001), что соответствовало хорошему качеству модели. Соответствующая граница отсечения была определена как 18 баллов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Нами была продемонстрирована валидность нового шкалы SAVE-9, который можно использовать в качестве специфического метода скрининга для определения высокого уровня тревоги и стресса у медицинских работников во время вспышки вирусного заболевания. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стресс</kwd><kwd>тревога</kwd><kwd>медицинские работники</kwd><kwd>SAVE-9</kwd><kwd>ГТР-7</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stress</kwd><kwd>anxiety</kwd><kwd>healthcare workers</kwd><kwd>SAVE-9</kwd><kwd>GAD-7</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sohrabi C, Alsafi Z, O’Neill N, et al. World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Int J Surg. 2020 Apr;76:71-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034. Epub 2020 Feb 26.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sohrabi C, Alsafi Z, O’Neill N, et al. World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Int J Surg. 2020 Apr;76:71-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034. Epub 2020 Feb 26.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/ (assessed 30.12.2021).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. Available from: https://covid19.who.int/ (assessed 30.12.2021).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мосолов СН. Актуальные задачи психиатрической службы в связи с пандемией COVID-19. Современная терапия психических расстройств. 2020;(2):26-32. doi: 10.21265/PSYPH.2020.53.59536.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mosolov SN. Psychiatric services strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sovremennaya terapiya psihicheskih rasstrojstv = Current Therapy of Mental Disorders. 2020;(2):26-32. doi: 10.21265/PSYPH.2020.53.59536 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мосолов СН. Проблемы психического здоровья в условиях пандемии COVID-19. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2020;120(5):7-15. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20201200517.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mosolov SN. Problems of mental health in the situation of COVID-19 pandemic. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni SS Korsakova= The Korsakov’s Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2020;120(5):7-15. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20201200517 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Петриков СС, Холмогорова АБ, Суроегина АЮ и др. Профессиональное выгорание, симптомы эмоционального неблагополучия и дистресса у медицинских работников во время эпидемии COVID-19. Консультативная психология и психотерапия. 2020;28(2):8-45. doi: 10.23934/2223-9022- 2020-9-3-321-337.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrikov SS, Kholmogorova AB, Suroegina AYu, et al. Professional Burnout, Symptoms of Emotional Disorders and Distress among Healthcare Professionals during the COVID-19 Epidemic. Konsul'tativnaya psikhologiya i psikhoterapiya = Counseling Psychology and Psychotherapy. 2020;28(2):8-45. doi: 10.23934/2223-9022-2020-9-3-321-337 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alshekaili M, Hassan W, Al Said N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes across healthcare settings in Oman during COVID-19: frontline versus non-frontline healthcare workers. BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 10;10(10):e042030. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen2020-042030</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alshekaili M, Hassan W, Al Said N, et al. Factors associated with mental health outcomes across healthcare settings in Oman during COVID-19: frontline versus non-frontline healthcare workers. BMJ Open. 2020 Oct 10;10(10):e042030. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen2020-042030</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mosolova E, Sosin D, Mosolov S. Stress, anxiety, depression and burnout in frontline healthcare workers during two peaks of COVID-19 pandemic in Russia. Psychiatry Res. 2021 Dec;306:114226. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114226. Epub 2021 Sep 29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mosolova E, Sosin D, Mosolov S. Stress, anxiety, depression and burnout in frontline healthcare workers during two peaks of COVID-19 pandemic in Russia. Psychiatry Res. 2021 Dec;306:114226. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2021.114226. Epub 2021 Sep 29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan AOM. Psychological impact of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on health care workers in a medium size regional general hospital in Singapore. Occup Med (Chic Ill). 2004 May;54(3):190-6. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqh027</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan AOM. Psychological impact of the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak on health care workers in a medium size regional general hospital in Singapore. Occup Med (Chic Ill). 2004 May;54(3):190-6. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqh027</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khalid I, Khalid TJ, Qabajah MR, et al. Healthcare Workers Emotions, Perceived Stressors and Coping Strategies During a MERS-CoV Outbreak. Clin Med Res. 2016 Mar;14(1):7-14. doi: 10.3121/cmr.2016.1303. Epub 2016 Feb 4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khalid I, Khalid TJ, Qabajah MR, et al. Healthcare Workers Emotions, Perceived Stressors and Coping Strategies During a MERS-CoV Outbreak. Clin Med Res. 2016 Mar;14(1):7-14. doi: 10.3121/cmr.2016.1303. Epub 2016 Feb 4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marvaldi M, Mallet J, Dubertret C, Moro MR. Anxiety, depression, trauma-related, and sleep disorders among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Jul;126:252-64. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.024. Epub 2021 Mar 24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marvaldi M, Mallet J, Dubertret C, Moro MR. Anxiety, depression, trauma-related, and sleep disorders among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Jul;126:252-64. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.03.024. Epub 2021 Mar 24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Veronese N, Trabucchi M, Vecchiato C, et al. The risk of suicide in healthcare workers in nursing home: An exploratory analysis during COVID-19 epidemic. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021 Oct;36(10):1588-9. doi: 10.1002/gps.5562. Epub 2021 May 3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Veronese N, Trabucchi M, Vecchiato C, et al. The risk of suicide in healthcare workers in nursing home: An exploratory analysis during COVID-19 epidemic. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021 Oct;36(10):1588-9. doi: 10.1002/gps.5562. Epub 2021 May 3.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lusher J, Murrell A, Mafuva C, Awire E. COVID-19 pandemic and the surge of panic attacks among NHS nursing staff: An ethnographical perspective. J Adv Nurs. 2020 Nov;76(11):2790-1. doi: 10.1111/jan.14508. Epub 2020 Sep 2.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lusher J, Murrell A, Mafuva C, Awire E. COVID-19 pandemic and the surge of panic attacks among NHS nursing staff: An ethnographical perspective. J Adv Nurs. 2020 Nov;76(11):2790-1. doi: 10.1111/jan.14508. Epub 2020 Sep 2.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Santabarbara J, Bueno-Notivol J, Lipnicki DM, et al. Prevalence of anxiety in health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid systematic review (on published articles in Medline) with meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2021 Apr 20;107:110244. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110244. Epub 2021 Jan 14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Santabarbara J, Bueno-Notivol J, Lipnicki DM, et al. Prevalence of anxiety in health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: A rapid systematic review (on published articles in Medline) with meta-analysis. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2021 Apr 20;107:110244. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110244. Epub 2021 Jan 14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Batra K, Singh TP, Sharma M, et al. Investigating the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 5;17(23):9096. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17239096</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Batra K, Singh TP, Sharma M, et al. Investigating the Psychological Impact of COVID-19 among Healthcare Workers: A Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 5;17(23):9096. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17239096</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бачило ЕВ, Новиков ДЕ, Ефремов АА. Оценка психического здоровья медицинских работников в период пандемии COVID-19 в России (результаты интернетопроса). Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2021;121(3):104-9. doi: 10.17116/jnevro2021121031104.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bachilo EV, Novikov DE, Efremov AA. Mental health assessment of medical workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia: results of an online survey. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova= The Korsakov’s Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2021;121(3):104-9. doi: 10.17116/jnevro2021121031104 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cipriano PF, Boston-Leary K, Mcmillan K, Peterson C. The US COVID-19 crises: facts, science and solidarity. Int Nurs Rev. 2020 Dec;67(4):437-44. doi: 10.1111/inr.12646</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cipriano PF, Boston-Leary K, Mcmillan K, Peterson C. The US COVID-19 crises: facts, science and solidarity. Int Nurs Rev. 2020 Dec;67(4):437-44. doi: 10.1111/inr.12646</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee SA. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Stud. 2020;44(7):393-401. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481. Epub 2020 Apr 16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee SA. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Stud. 2020;44(7):393-401. doi: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481. Epub 2020 Apr 16.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bastos TM, Carneiro Monteiro GM, Borges RB, et al. A Brief Burnout Evaluation Scale (BBES) as a potential tool to prevent collapse of the health care task force during the COVID-19 pandemic. MedRxiv preprint. 2020;55. doi: 10.1101/2020.09.21.20198804</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bastos TM, Carneiro Monteiro GM, Borges RB, et al. A Brief Burnout Evaluation Scale (BBES) as a potential tool to prevent collapse of the health care task force during the COVID-19 pandemic. MedRxiv preprint. 2020;55. doi: 10.1101/2020.09.21.20198804</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chung S, Kim HJ, Ahn MH, et al. Development of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) Scale for Assessing Work-related Stress and Anxiety in Healthcare Workers in Response to Viral Epidemics. J Korean Med Sci. 2021 Dec 6;36(47):e319. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e319</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chung S, Kim HJ, Ahn MH, et al. Development of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) Scale for Assessing Work-related Stress and Anxiety in Healthcare Workers in Response to Viral Epidemics. J Korean Med Sci. 2021 Dec 6;36(47):e319. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e319</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">SAVE-9. Available from: https://www.saveviralepidemic.net/ (accessed 03.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">SAVE-9. Available from: https://www.saveviralepidemic.net/ (accessed 03.01.2022).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okajima I, Chung S, Suh S. Validation of the Japanese version of Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) and relationship among stress, insomnia, anxiety, and depression in healthcare workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. Sleep Med. 2021 Aug;84:397-402. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.06.035. Epub 2021 Jun 29.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okajima I, Chung S, Suh S. Validation of the Japanese version of Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) and relationship among stress, insomnia, anxiety, and depression in healthcare workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. Sleep Med. 2021 Aug;84:397-402. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.06.035. Epub 2021 Jun 29.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">König J, Chung S, Ertl V, et al. The German Translation of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) Scale: Results from Healthcare Workers during the Second Wave of COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 5;18(17):9377. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179377</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">König J, Chung S, Ertl V, et al. The German Translation of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 (SAVE-9) Scale: Results from Healthcare Workers during the Second Wave of COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Sep 5;18(17):9377. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18179377</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uzun N, Akca ÖF, Bilgic A, Chung S. The validity and reliability of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 items Scale in Turkish health care professionals. J Community Psychol. 2021 Aug 16. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22680. Online ahead of print.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uzun N, Akca ÖF, Bilgic A, Chung S. The validity and reliability of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 items Scale in Turkish health care professionals. J Community Psychol. 2021 Aug 16. doi: 10.1002/jcop.22680. Online ahead of print.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tavormina G, Tavormina MGM, Franza F, et al. A New Rating Scale (SAVE-9) to Demonstrate the Stress and Anxiety in the Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Viral Epidemic. Psychiatr Danub. 2020 Sep;32(Suppl 1):5-9.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tavormina G, Tavormina MGM, Franza F, et al. A New Rating Scale (SAVE-9) to Demonstrate the Stress and Anxiety in the Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Viral Epidemic. Psychiatr Danub. 2020 Sep;32(Suppl 1):5-9.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moraleda-Cibrian M, Ahmed O, Albares-Tendero J, Chung S. Validity and Reliability of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 (SAVE-6) Scale to measure viral anxiety of Spain’s healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry. 2022 (In Press).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moraleda-Cibrian M, Ahmed O, Albares-Tendero J, Chung S. Validity and Reliability of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 (SAVE-6) Scale to measure viral anxiety of Spain’s healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry. 2022 (In Press).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee S, Lee J, Yoo S, et al. The Psychometric Properties of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Items: A Test in the U.S. General Population. Front Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 6;12:746244. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.746244. eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee S, Lee J, Yoo S, et al. The Psychometric Properties of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Items: A Test in the U.S. General Population. Front Psychiatry. 2021 Oct 6;12:746244. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.746244. eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hong Y, Yoo S, Mreydem HW, et al. Factorial Validity of the Arabic Version of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Items (SAVE-6) Scale Among the General Population in Lebanon. J Korean Med Sci. 2021 Jun 28;36(25):e168. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e168</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hong Y, Yoo S, Mreydem HW, et al. Factorial Validity of the Arabic Version of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Items (SAVE-6) Scale Among the General Population in Lebanon. J Korean Med Sci. 2021 Jun 28;36(25):e168. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e168</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, Löwe B. A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Arch Intern Med. 2006 May 22;166(10):1092-7. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, Löwe B. A Brief Measure for Assessing Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Arch Intern Med. 2006 May 22;166(10):1092-7. doi: 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1092</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lee J, Lee HJ, Hong Y, et al. Risk Perception, Unhealthy Behavior, and Anxiety Due to Viral Epidemic Among Healthcare Workers: The Relationships With Depressive and Insomnia Symptoms During COVID-19. Front Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 19;12:615387. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.615387. eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lee J, Lee HJ, Hong Y, et al. Risk Perception, Unhealthy Behavior, and Anxiety Due to Viral Epidemic Among Healthcare Workers: The Relationships With Depressive and Insomnia Symptoms During COVID-19. Front Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 19;12:615387. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.615387. eCollection 2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mosolova E, Sosin D, Mosolov S. Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Burnout in Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia. Orig. Impact COVID-19 Pandemic Orig. From SARS-CoV-2 Infect. Across Globe, IntechOpen; 2021. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.98292</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mosolova E, Sosin D, Mosolov S. Stress, Anxiety, Depression and Burnout in Frontline Healthcare Workers during COVID-19 Pandemic in Russia. Orig. Impact COVID-19 Pandemic Orig. From SARS-CoV-2 Infect. Across Globe, IntechOpen; 2021. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.98292</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Незнанов НГ, Мартынихин ИА, Мосолов СН. Диагностика и терапия тревожных расстройств в Российской Федерации: результаты опроса врачей-психиатров. Современная терапия психических расстройств. 2017;(2):2-13. doi: 10.21265/PSYPH.2017.41.6437.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Neznanov NG, Martynikhin IA, Mosolov SN. Diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders in Russia: The Results of a Web-based Survey of Psychiatrists. Sovremennaya terapiya psihicheskih rasstrojstv = Current Therapy of Mental Disorders. 2017;(2):2- 13. doi: 10.21265/PSYPH.2017.41.6437 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
