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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2022-1-26-31</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1744</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Treatment of spasticity in patients with the consequences of traumatic brain injury</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Лечение спастичности у пациентов с последствиями черепно-мозговой травмы</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-5632</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kvlnko73@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0340-4110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вознюк</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vozniuk</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6;192242, Санкт-Петербург, Будапештская ул., 3, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044;3, Budapestskaya St., lit. A, Saint Petersburg 192242</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7039-2423</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумов</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumov</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3109-8795</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лобзин</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lobzin</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1421-8508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Киртаев</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirtaev</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Ministry of Defence of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России;&#13;
ГБУ «Санкт-Петербургский научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. И.И. Джанелидзе»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Ministry of Defence of Russia;&#13;
I.I. Janelidze St. Petersburg Research Institute of Emergency Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>26</fpage><lpage>31</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kovalenko A.P., Vozniuk I.A., Naumov K.M., Lobzin V.Y., Kirtaev S.Y., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Коваленко А.П., Вознюк И.А., Наумов К.М., Лобзин В.Ю., Киртаев С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kovalenko A.P., Vozniuk I.A., Naumov K.M., Lobzin V.Y., Kirtaev S.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1744">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1744</self-uri><abstract><p>Up to 16–20% of patients with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI), regardless of its severity, suffer from pronounced spasticity, cognitive, vestibular and motor disorders. At the same time, data on the effectiveness of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) in the treatment of post-traumatic spasticity is lacking.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to assess the effectiveness of peripheral myorelaxants (botulinum neurotoxin type A) in the treatment of past-traumatic spasticity.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. 21 male patients aged 25 to 48 years with post-traumatic spastic hemiparesis (at least 6 months after the injury) were examined. 450 to 850 U (mean – 650 U) of BoNT (incobotulinumtoxin) was injected into the spastic muscles of the upper and lower extremities. The follow-up assessment of spasticity and paresis was performed 24±3 days after BoNT injection. Patterns of spasticity were studied: shoulder adduction, elbow joint flexion, forearm pronation, hand and finger flexion, hip adduction, shin flexion, foot flexion, toe flexion. The following methods were used: original methods of manual testing (MMT) of spasticity, Tardieu scale (TS), modified Ashworth scale (MAS), Medical Research Council Scale (MRCS) to assess paresis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. 24±3 days after incobotulotoxin administration, we observed a significant 1.5–2-fold decrease in spasticity angle (xS) and a reduction in the angle of neuromuscular reactivity (xV3) by 15–30° in all the studied patterns. Changes of xV1 (muscle extensibility) and xA (muscle strength) were not significant. No adverse reactions were observed. The use of MMT and TS has shown its effectiveness and specificity in the evaluation of spasticity and effectiveness of BoNT, and in the dynamics of muscle condition.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The study showed the feasibility of using MMT and TS in the evaluation and assessment of spasticity, as well as the effectiveness and safety of incobotulinumtoxin (Xeomin) in dosages from 450 to 850 U in the treatment of spasticity of the upper and lower extremities in patients with the consequences of TBI. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>До 16–20% пациентов из числа всех перенесших черепно-мозговую травму (ЧМТ), независимо от степени ее тяжести, страдают от выраженной спастичности, когнитивных, вестибуломоторных и других двигательных нарушений. При этом данных, свидетельствующих об эффективности ботулинического нейротоксина (БоНТ) при лечении посттравматической спастичности, явно недостаточно.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить терапевтическую эффективность миорелаксантов периферического действия (ботулинический нейротоксин типа А) при лечении посттравматической спастичности. Пациенты и методы. Обследован 21 пациент мужского пола в возрасте от 25 до 48 лет с посттравматическим спастическим гемипарезом (не менее 6 мес после травмы). В спастичные мышцы верхней и нижней конечностей вводили БоНТ (инкоботулотоксин) в дозе от 450 до 850 ЕД (в среднем 650 ЕД). Регистрация динамики показателей спастичности и пареза проводилась через 24±3 сут после инъекции БоНТ. Исследовались паттерны спастичности: приведение плеча, сгибание локтевого сустава, пронация предплечья, сгибание кисти и пальцев, приведение бедра, сгибание голени, сгибание стопы, сгибание пальцев стопы. Использовались оригинальные методики мануального тестирования (ММТ) спастичности, Шкала Тардье (TS), Модифицированная шкала Эшворта (MAS), Шкала оценки пареза (MRCS).</p><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Через 24±3 сут после введения инкоботулотоксина угол спастичности (xS) значимо уменьшился в 1,5–2 раза, а угол неврально-мышечной реактивности (xV3) значимо уменьшился на 15–30° во всех исследуемых паттернах. Изменения xV1 (растяжимость мышцы) и xA (сила мышцы) не были значимы. Нежелательных явлений отмечено не было. Применение ММТ и ТS показало свою эффективность и специфичность в диагностике спастичности и оценки эффективности БоНТ и динамике состояния мышц.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследование показало целесообразность применения ММТ и TS в диагностике и оценке спастичности, а также эффективность и безопасность применения инкоботулотоксина (Ксеомин) в общих дозах от 450 до 850 ЕД в терапии спастичности верхней и нижней конечностей у пациентов с последствиями ЧМТ. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>посттравматическая спастичность</kwd><kwd>ботулинический нейротоксин</kwd><kwd>инкоботулотоксин (Ксеомин)</kwd><kwd>реабилитация пациентов с последствиями травмы мозга</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>traumatic brain injury</kwd><kwd>post-traumatic spasticity</kwd><kwd>botulinum neurotoxin</kwd><kwd>incobotulinumtoxin (Xeomin)</kwd><kwd>rehabilitation of patients with the consequences of traumatic brain injury</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spasticity in adults: management using botulinum toxin National guidelines. 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