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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2021-3-59-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1575</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Depression treatment in women and men with bipolar affective disorder: a comparative study</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Сравнительное исследование терапии депрессии у женщин и мужчин, страдающих биполярным аффективным расстройством</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тювина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tyuvina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нина Аркадьевна Тювина</p><p>Кафедра психиатрии и наркологии</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 9 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nina Arkadievna Tyuvina</p><p>Department of Psychiatry and Narcology</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 9, Moscow 119021</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">natuvina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Столярова</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stolyarova</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра психиатрии и наркологии</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 9 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Psychiatry and Narcology</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 9, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балабанова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balabanova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра психиатрии и наркологии</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 9 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Psychiatry and Narcology</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 9, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бунькова</surname><given-names>К. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bunkova</surname><given-names>K. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра психиатрии и наркологии</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 9 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Psychiatry and Narcology</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 9, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефремова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efremova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кафедра психиатрии и наркологии</p><p>119021, Москва, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр. 9 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Department of Psychiatry and Narcology</p><p>11, Rossolimo St., Build. 9, Moscow 119021</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Tyuvina N.A., Stolyarova A.E., Balabanova V.V., Bunkova K.M., Efremova E.N., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тювина Н.А., Столярова А.Е., Балабанова В.В., Бунькова К.М., Ефремова Е.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tyuvina N.A., Stolyarova A.E., Balabanova V.V., Bunkova K.M., Efremova E.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1575">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1575</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to compare depression treatment efficacy with and without antidepressants (ADs) in men and women with bipolar affective disorder (BAD).</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. We enrolled 100 patients with BAD (F31.3–F31.5 according to ICD-10), including 50 women aged 33.0 [23.0; 50.2] years and 50 men aged 37.5 [29.5; 47.2] years using prospective and retrospective methods. Various antidepressants, normothymics, antipsychotics combinations were used to treat depression. We performed a comparative analysis of treatment efficacy with and without antidepressants in men and women subgroups. Clinical assessment at the baseline and the end of 1, 2, 4, 6-th week of therapy (or at discharge) included a specially developed clinical examination chart and the following psychometric scales: Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Clinical Global Impression – Severity of illness (CGI-S), Clinical Global Impression – Improvement (CGI-I).</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. Women tended to have a slower improvement in the condition compared to men. Maximum reduction in MADRS score and a CGI-I, CGI-S higher frequency of clinical improvement and remission was observed in men and women who did not receive antidepressants than patients who did not receive antidepressants. When BAD type was included in the analysis, in patients treated with antidepressants, transient symptoms of the opposite pole occurred in 24.7% of patients of both sexes with bipolar affective I disorder (BAD I) and in 16.8% with bipolar affective II disorder (BAD II). There were no significant gender differences in patients with BAD I, while women predominated in BAD II group (22.5% compared to 7.8% men). No significant treatment-emergent affective switch was observed with tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors in both groups (21; 16.7; 16.7% in men and 28; 21.8; 12.5% in women, respectively). The assessment of intermission revealed that women were significantly more likely to have shorter periods between phases (42% compared to 22% in men). In addition, women were significantly more likely to have shorter periods between phases (42% compared to 22% in men) when the intermission duration was included in the analysis. In some patients with severe depression and infective first-line therapy (anticonvulsants and atypical antipsychotics), antidepressants prescription can increase treatment effectiveness. However, several factors should be considered, such as BAD type and variant, depression severity, treatment-emergent affective switch in history, and gender.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A decision about antidepressants' dosage and treatment duration requires a dynamic follow-up of the patient in order to discontinue the antidepressants as fast as possible and decrease the risk of treatment-emergent affective switch and shortening of remission period.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель исследования – сравнительное изучение эффективности терапии депрессии в структуре биполярного аффективного расстройства (БАР) с включением и без включения антидепрессантов в схему лечения с учетом гендерной принадлежности пациентов.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. Клиническим и клинико-катамнестическим методами были обследованы 100 больных БАР (F31.3–F31.5 по МКБ-10), из них 50 женщин в возрасте 33,0 [23,0; 50,2] года и 50 мужчин в возрасте 37,5 [29,5; 47,2] года. Для лечения депрессии использовали различные комбинации антидепрессантов, нормотимиков, нейролептиков. Было проведено сравнение эффективности терапии между подгруппами мужчин и женщин, получавших и не получавших антидепрессанты. Состояние больных оценивали с помощью специально разработанной карты клинического обследования, а также с применением психометрических шкал: Шкалы оценки депрессии Монтгомери–Асберг (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale, MADRS), Шкалы общего клинического впечатления, тяжесть болезни (Clinical Global Impression – Severity of illness, CGI-S), Шкалы общего клинического впечатления, улучшение (Clinical Global Impression – Improvement, CGI-I) в начале исследования и в конце 1, 2, 4, 6-й недель терапии (или при выписке).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Отмечена тенденция к более медленному улучшению состояния у женщин по сравнению с мужчинами. Однако в подгруппах и мужчин, и женщин, получавших лечение антидепрессантами, отмечены наибольшая редукция баллов по MADRS, более высокая частота улучшения и достижения ремиссии по шкалам CGI-I, CGI-S по сравнению с пациентами, не получавшими антидепрессанты. C учетом типа БАР транзиторные симптомы противоположного полюса на фоне лечения антидепрессантами отмечались у 24,7% пациентов обоих полов при БАР первого типа (БАР I) и у 16,8% – при БАР второго типа (БАР II). При БАР I полученные различия между группами мужчин и женщин не достигли уровня статистической значимости, в то время как при БАР II преобладали женщины (22,5% по сравнению с 7,8% мужчин). Не было получено значимых различий доли случаев инверсии аффекта при использовании трициклических антидепрессантов, селективных ингибиторов обратного захвата серотинина и норадреналина в двух группах (21; 16,7; 16,7% у мужчин и 28; 21,8; 12,5% у женщин соответственно). Оценка длительности интермиссии позволила установить, что у женщин значимо чаще наблюдалось укорочение периодов между фазами (42% по сравнению с 22% у мужчин). В ряде случаев при тяжелой депрессии и неэффективности терапии препаратами первой линии (антиконвульсантами и атипичными нейролептиками) назначение антидепрессантов повышает эффективность лечения. Однако при решении этого вопроса необходимо учитывать совокупность факторов, таких как тип и вариант течения БАР, тяжесть депрессии, инверсия аффекта в анамнезе на фоне терапии, гендерную принадлежность.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Решение о допустимых дозах и длительности лечения антидепрессантами требует динамического наблюдения за пациентом в целях своевременной отмены препарата и снижения риска инверсии фазы и укорочения ремиссии.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>депрессия</kwd><kwd>биполярное аффективное расстройство</kwd><kwd>психофармакотерапия</kwd><kwd>антидепрессанты</kwd><kwd>инверсия аффекта</kwd><kwd>интермиссия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>depression</kwd><kwd>bipolar affective disorder</kwd><kwd>psychopharmacotherapy</kwd><kwd>antidepressants</kwd><kwd>treatment-emergent affective switch</kwd><kwd>intermission</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Костюкова ЕГ. Вопросы терапии и диагностики и терапии депрессий в рамках различных нозологических категорий. 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