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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2021-2-91-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1546</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ НАБЛЮДЕНИЯ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Central pontine myelinolysis in the presence of SARS-CoV-2 infection (clinical observations)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Центральный понтинный миелинолиз на фоне инфекции SARS-CoV-2 (клинические наблюдения)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воскресенская</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voskresenskaya</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 119021, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 11, Rossolimo Str., Build. 1, Moscow 119021, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vos-olga@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коваленко</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalenko</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 119021, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 11, Rossolimo Str., Build. 1, Moscow 119021, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Надбитова</surname><given-names>Е. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nadbitova</surname><given-names>E. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 119021, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 11, Rossolimo Str., Build. 1, Moscow 119021, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гринюк</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grinyuk</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 119021, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 11, Rossolimo Str., Build. 1, Moscow 119021, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климанов</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimanov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 119021, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 11, Rossolimo Str., Build. 1, Moscow 119021, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шор</surname><given-names>Ю. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shor</surname><given-names>Yu. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 119021, ул. Россолимо, 11, стр.1 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 11, Rossolimo Str., Build. 1, Moscow 119021, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клиника нервных болезней им. А.Я. Кожевникова Университетской больницы №3, кафедра нервных болезней и нейрохирургии Института клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского ФГАОУ ВО  «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России  (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A.Ya. Kozhevnikov Clinic of Nervous System Diseases, University hospital №3, Department of Nervous System Diseases and Neurosurgery, N.V. Sklifosovsky Clinical Medicine Institute, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Voskresenskaya O.N., Kovalenko A.A., Nadbitova E.B., Grinyuk V.V., Klimanov A.V., Shor Y.M., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Воскресенская О.Н., Коваленко А.А., Надбитова Е.Б., Гринюк В.В., Климанов А.В., Шор Ю.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Voskresenskaya O.N., Kovalenko A.A., Nadbitova E.B., Grinyuk V.V., Klimanov A.V., Shor Y.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1546">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1546</self-uri><abstract><p> Osmotic demyelinating syndrome (ODS) is a severe complication that occurs due to rapid correction of hyponatremia. Central  pontine myelinolysis (CPM), in which a focus of demyelination  occurs in the pontine region, and extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM),  in which foci of demyelination appear in the white matter of the  cerebral hemispheres, can be distinguished as a part of this  syndrome. We describe two clinical cases of CPM that developed due to hyponatremia and hypokalemia in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19). Differential diagnosis included acute  disseminated encephalomyelitis, infectious encephalitis, and brain  tumor. In both cases, a significant recovery of the lost functions was noted. The pathogenetic mechanisms of CPM development in  patients with COVID-19 are discussed. ODS development in COVID- 19 necessitates strict control and correction of electrolyte  disturbances in this category of patients in accordance with existing  recommendations, which can reduce the risk of CPM. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p> Осмотический демиелинизирующий синдром (ОДС) – тяжелое осложнение, возникающее при быстрой коррекции гипонатриемии. В рамках данного синдрома можно выделить центральный понтинный миелинолиз (ЦПМ), при котором очаг демиелинизации возникает в  области моста, и экстрапонтинный миелинолиз (ЭПМ), при котором  очаги демиелинизации появляются в белом веществе больших  полушарий. Представлены два клинических случая ЦПМ, развившегося  на фоне гипонатриемии и гипокалиемии в период заболевания,  вызванного SARS-CoV-2, – коронавирусной болезни 19 (COVID-19).  Дифференциальная диагностика проводилась с острым рассеянным энцефаломиелитом, энцефалитом инфекционной природы, объемным образованием головного мозга. В обоих наблюдениях отмечено существенное восстановление утраченных функций. Обсуждаются патогенетические механизмы развития ЦПМ у пациентов с COVID-19. Возникновение ОДС на фоне COVID-19 диктует необходимость строгого контроля и коррекции электролитных нарушений у данной категории пациентов в соответствии с существующими рекомендациями, что  может уменьшить риск возникновения ЦПМ.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>центральный понтинный миелинолиз</kwd><kwd>гипонатриемия</kwd><kwd>дефицит натрия</kwd><kwd>осмотический демиелинизирующий синдром</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>central pontine myelinolysis</kwd><kwd>hyponatremia</kwd><kwd>sodium deficiency</kwd><kwd>osmotic demyelinating syndrome</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шевелева ЕМ, Заславский ЛГ, Ковеленов АГ и др. 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