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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2021-2-34-39</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1537</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Possibilities of using laboratory biomarkers for the objective diagnosis of depressive disorders</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Возможности применения лабораторных биомаркеров для объективной диагностики депрессивных расстройств</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамрей</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamrey</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044, Russia </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vmeda-nio@mil.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курасов</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurasov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зобин</surname><given-names>Я. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zobin</surname><given-names>Ya. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цыган</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsygan</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Россия, 194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, 6 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> 6, Academician Lebedev St., Saint Petersburg 194044, Russia </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>39</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Shamrey V.K., Kurasov E.S., Zobin Y.S., Tsygan N.V., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шамрей В.К., Курасов Е.С., Зобин Я.С., Цыган Н.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shamrey V.K., Kurasov E.S., Zobin Y.S., Tsygan N.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1537">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1537</self-uri><abstract><sec><title> Objective</title><p> Objective: to assess the possibility of using laboratory biomarkers to objectify psychopathological disorders in patients with depressive spectrum disorders (RSDs).</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The investigation enrolled 63 patients (mean age, 31.7±8.9 years) with new-onset RSDs of different etiologies. Group 1 included 21 patients with a mild to moderate depressive episode (DE); Group 2 consisted of 42 patients with neurotic depressive disorders (adjustment disorders). The severity of anxiety and depression was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. In addition, the investigators studied laboratory  parameters: the levels of cortisol, homocysteine, prolactin,  vitamin B12, cortisol, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis  factor-α (TNF-α) in serum and platelet serotonin. They  also estimated changes in the most significant laboratory  parameters in 31 patients with depressive disorders: in 15 with  DE and in 16 with neurotic depression who had received 4-week monotherapy with agomelatine 25 mg/day.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The differential diagnosis of  psychopathological disorders based on the clinical and  psychopathological method and psychometric assessment of  the patient's condition was shown to be difficult. It was  established that the objectification of these disorders using  known laboratory biomarkers (cortisol and platelet serotonin) did not give an unambiguous answer. At the same time, the  assessment of immunological parameters (the levels of  proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α) can help to  solve this problem. The investigation also demonstrated that the use of non-monoaminergic antidepressants (MT1/MT2-type  melatonin receptor agonists) contributed to the reduced level of proinflammatory cytokines, which opens up  opportunities for finding new therapeutic approaches to  treating RSDs. </p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Usage of biological markers may contribute not only to improvement in the accuracy of mental disorders  diagnosis but also to the development of new treatment approaches. Simultaneously, the selective use of individual biological markers (biochemical, metabolic, immunological, etc.)  is not very informative; therefore, their comprehensive  assessment is required.  </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p> Цель исследования – оценка возможности применения лабораторных биомаркеров для объективизации психопатологических нарушений у пациентов с расстройствами депрессивного спектра (РДС).</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В исследование включено 63 пациента (средний возраст – 31,7±8,9 года) с впервые выявленными РДС разной этиологии. В 1-ю группу вошли пациенты (n=21) с депрессивным эпизодом (ДЭ) легкой и средней степени; во 2-ю группу – пациенты (n=42) с невротическими депрессивными расстройствами (расстройствами  адаптации). Выраженность тревоги и депрессии определяли по шкалам Гамильтона для оценки депрессии (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, HDRS) и тревоги (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, HARS), Госпитальной шкале оценки тревоги и депрессии (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS). Кроме того, исследовали лабораторные показатели: уровень кортизола, гомоцистеина, пролактина, витамина В12, кортизола, интерлейкина 1β (ИЛ1β), ИЛ6, фактора некроза опухоли α (ФНОα) в сыворотке крови и тромбоцитарного серотонина. Также  оценивали динамику наиболее значимых лабораторных показателей у  31 больного с депрессивными расстройствами: у 15 – с ДЭ и 16 – с  невротической депрессией на фоне 4-недельной монотерапии  агомелатином в дозе 25 мг/сут. </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Показано, что дифференциальная диагностика психопатологических нарушений, основанная на клинико- психопатологическом методе и психометрической оценке состояния  пациента, является затруднительной. Установлено, что объективизация этих расстройств с использованием известных лабораторных  биомаркеров (кортизола и тромбоцитарного серотонина) не дает  однозначного ответа. В то же время оценка иммунологических  показателей (уровней провоспалительных цитокинов – ИЛ6, ФНОα)  может способствовать решению данной проблемы. Исследование также продемонстировано, что применение антидепрессантов с  «немоноаминовым» механизмом действия (агонистов мелатониновых  рецепторов MT1/MT2-типов) способствует снижению уровня  провоспалительных цитокинов, что открывает возможности для поиска  новых терапевтических подходов к лечению РДС. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Применение биологических маркеров может  способствовать не только повышению точности диагностики  психических расстройств, но и разработке новых подходов к их лечению. При этом выборочное использование отдельных  биологических маркеров (биохимических, метаболических, иммунологических и т. д.) малоинформативно, поэтому требуется их  комплексная оценка.  </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>расстройства депрессивного спектра</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>объективизация диагностики</kwd><kwd>лабораторные показатели</kwd><kwd>цитокины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>depressive spectrum disorders</kwd><kwd>diagnosis</kwd><kwd>diagnosis objectification</kwd><kwd>laboratory parameters</kwd><kwd>cytokines</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Статья спонсируется ООО «Сервье»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Статья спонсируется ООО «Сервье»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антропов ЮА, Антропов АЮ, Незнанов НГ. 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