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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nnp</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Неврология, нейропсихиатрия, психосоматика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2074-2711</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2310-1342</issn><publisher><publisher-name>"IMA-Press", LLC</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.14412/2074-2711-2021-1-57-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nnp-1508</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И МЕТОДИКИ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>The role of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the progression and development of cerebrovascular diseases. A competent choice of pathogenic treatment is the key to success in treatment and prevention. An expert’s view from the ‘red zone’</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Роль новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) в прогрессировании и развитии сосудистых заболеваний головного мозга. Грамотный выбор средств патогенетической терапии – залог успеха лечения и профилактики. Взгляд специалиста из «красной зоны»</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ковальчук</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalchuk</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виталий Владимирович Ковальчук</p><p>196602, Санкт-Петербург, г. Пушкин, Госпитальная ул., 7/2 литер А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly Vladimirovich Kovalchuk</p><p>7/2, Gospitalnaya St., liter A, Town of Pushkin, Saint Petersburg 196602</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vikoval67@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центр медицинской реабилитации СПб ГБУЗ «Городская больница №38 им. Н.А. Семашко»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg Centre of Medical Rehabilitation, N.A. Semashko City Hospital Thirty Eight</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>57</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kovalchuk V.V., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ковальчук В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kovalchuk V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1508">https://nnp.ima-press.net/nnp/article/view/1508</self-uri><abstract><p>COVID-19 worsens the course of cerebrovascular diseases (CVD), including chronic cerebral ischaemia (CCI). The Actovegin drug, which has long been widely used in CCI treatment, has an antioxidant and endothelium protective effect. It makes sense to study the effect of Actovegin therapy on the clinical manifestations of CCI in patients with a recent experience of COVID-19.</p><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: to evaluate Actovegin efficacy in the treatment of CCI in patients with a recent experience of COVID-19.</p></sec><sec><title>Patients and methods</title><p>Patients and methods. The study included 440 patients (234 female; 206 male) with a recent experience of COVID-19, suffering from CCI, their average age being 67.8 years (from 54 to 85 years). All patients were broken down into two groups of 220 people (the patients in Group 1 were administrated Actovegin, the ones in Group 2 – were not). All patients were followed up for 90 days; their condition was assessed by the severity of clinical manifestations of CCI, using special scales and questionnaires.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. After 90 days of follow-up, the frequency of complaints of cognitive impairment, sleep disorder, dizziness, fatigue, emotional disorders, and headache in Group 1 was significantly lower than in Group 2 (p&lt;0.05). According to Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20), and Spiegel Sleep Questionnaire (SSQ), the average indicators improved significantly more in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p&lt;0.05). The absence of quality of life impairment and their minimal severity were observed in Group 1 in 77.9%; in Group 2 – in 33.7% (p&lt;0.001). Statistically significant differences between the groups of patients were also observed in relation to emotional state recovery according to the Wakefield Questionnaire and the Spielberger State Trait Anxiety inventory.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The observational study demonstrated the efficacy of Actovegin in the treatment of main clinical manifestations of CCI in patients with recent COVID-19 experience.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>COVID-19 ухудшает течение цереброваскулярных заболеваний (ЦВЗ), в том числе хронической ишемии головного мозга (ХИГМ). Препарат Актовегин давно и широко применяется в лечении ХИГМ, обладает антиоксидантным и эндотелиопротективным эффектом. Целесообразно изучить влияние терапии данным препаратом на клинические проявления ХИГМ у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19.</p><p>Цель исследования – оценить эффективность Актовегина в лечении ХИГМ у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19.</p><sec><title>Пациенты и методы</title><p>Пациенты и методы. В исследование было включено 440 пациентов (234 женщины и 206 мужчин), перенесших COVID-19 и страдающих ХИГМ, средний возраст которых составил 67,8 года (от 54 до 85 лет). Все пациенты были разделены на две группы по 220 человек (1-я группа – получавшие, 2-я – не получавшие Актовегин). Все пациенты наблюдались в течение 90 дней, их состояние оценивалось по выраженности клинических проявлений ХИГМ с помощью специальных шкал и опросников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. Через 90 дней наблюдения в 1-й группе пациентов частота жалоб на когнитивные нарушения, расстройство сна, головокружение, астению, нарушения эмоционального состояния и головную боль была достоверно ниже, чем во 2-й группе (p&lt;0,05). Средние показатели по Краткой шкале оценки психического статуса, по Монреальской шкале оценки когнитивных функций, по субъективной шкале оценки астении, по Шкале оценки субъективных характеристик сна Шпигеля улучшились значимо больше в 1-й группе пациентов, чем во 2-й (p&lt;0,05). Отсутствие нарушений качества жизни и их минимальная выраженность наблюдались в 1-й группе у 77,9%, во 2-й группе – у 33,7% (р&lt;0,001). Статистически значимые различия между группами пациентов наблюдались и в отношении нормализации эмоционального состояния по данным Шкалы Уэйкфилда и Шкалы Спилбергера–Ханина.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. На основе наблюдательного исследования отмечена эффективность Актовегина в лечении основных клинических проявлений ХИГМ у пациентов, перенесших COVID-19.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>лечение</kwd><kwd>сосудистые заболевания головного мозга</kwd><kwd>хроническая ишемия головного мозга</kwd><kwd>когнитивные нарушения</kwd><kwd>Актовегин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>treatment</kwd><kwd>cerebrovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>chronic cerebral ischaemia</kwd><kwd>cognitive impairment</kwd><kwd>Actovegin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Щелканов МЮ, Попова АЮ, Дедков ВГ и др. История изучения и современная классификация коронавирусов (Nidovirales: Coronaviridae). 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